|
|
Analysis of the current situation of occupational stress of radiation workers in typical nuclear power plants |
ZHANG Qi, TONG Peng, SUN Haoran, LU Jianfei, KOU Shanshan, ZHU Weiguo, HOU Changsong |
Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, China CDC, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088 China |
|
|
Abstract Objective To investigate the current situation of occupational stress among radiation workers in nuclear power plants in China, to explore the factors influencing occupational stress, and to provide a reference for improving occupational stress. Methods A convenient sampling method was adopted to investigate the occupational stress of 100 radiation workers in two nuclear power plants in Fujian and Liaoning, using the general situation questionnaire, effort-reward imbalance questionnaire, and the radiation protection knowledge questionnaire. Independent samples t-test, one-way analysis of variance, chi-square test, and binary logistic regression analysis were used to examine the current situation of occupational stress and the influencing factors. Results The average value of effort-reward imbalance was 0.99 ±0.15 and 47 (47%) radiation workers had occupational stress. There were significant differences in the detection rate of occupational stress among radiation workers with different ages, years of radiation work, monthly incomes, sleep durations (day), and exercise habits (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that monthly income, sleep duration (day), and exercise habits were the influencing factors for occupational stress. Conclusion The occupational stress of radiation workers in nuclear power plants is a serious issue influenced by many factors. Attention should be given to this issue, and targeted interventions should be implemented to improve the social and working environment of this occupational group and reduce the level of occupational stress.
|
Received: 10 January 2024
|
|
|
|
|
[1] Sauter S, Murphy L, Colligan M, et al. Stress at work[EB/OL].(2014-06-06)[2021-02-24]. Cincinnati: NIOSH Publication, 1999. https://ntrl.ntis.gov/NTRL/dashboard/searchResults/titleDetail/PB99129413.xhtml. [2] 中华人民共和国中央人民政府. “十四五”能源领域科技创新规划[EB/OL]. (2021-11-29)[2024-03-11]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2022-04/03/content_5683361.htm. The Central People's Government of the China. The 14th Five Year Plan for technological innovation in the energy sector[EB/OL]. (2021-11-29)[2024-03-11]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2022-04/03/content_5683361.htm. [3] 赵艳芳, 楚彩芳, 张钦富, 等. 浅析核电站职业病危害因素种类与来源[J]. 中国辐射卫生, 2016, 25(3): 372-374. DOI: 10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714X.2016.03.041. Zhao YF, Chu CF, Zhang QF, et al. Analysis of the types and sources of occupational hazards in nuclear power plants[J]. Chin J Radiol Health, 2016, 25(3): 372-374. DOI: 10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714X.2016.03.041. [4] Siegrist J. Adverse health effects of high-effort/low-reward conditions[J]. J Occup Health Psychol, 1996, 1(1): 27-41. [5] 戴俊明. 职业紧张评估方法与早期健康效应[M]. 上海: 复旦大学出版社, 2008: 41-49. Dai JM. Assessment methods for occupational stress and early health effects[M]. Shanghai: Fudan University Press, 2008: 41-49. [6] 李榕, 闫琪, 刘继文. 新疆沙漠石油作业人员职业紧张与高血压关系的队列研究[J]. 新疆医科大学学报,2019,42(7):943-947. Li R, Yan Q, Liu JW. Cohort study on the relationship between occupational stress and hypertension of Xinjiang desert oil workers[J]. J Xinjiang Med Univ, 2019, 42(7): 943-947. [7] 韩凤, 王东升, 邹建芳, 等. 煤矿工人职业紧张与职业性肌肉骨骼疾患相关性研究[J]. 中国职业医学,2018,45(2):188-193. Han F, Wang DS, Zou JF, et al. Relationship between occupational stress and occupational musculoskeletal disorders in coal miners[J]. China Occup Med, 2018, 45(2): 188-193. [8] 舒畅, 张丹, 戴俊明, 等. 职业紧张和社会支持对某国网公司员工抑郁症状的影响[J]. 环境与职业医学,2018,35(10):905-909,923. Shu C, Zhang D, Dai JM, et al. Effects of occupational stress and social support on depressive symptoms among employees from a state grid corporation[J]. J Environ Occup Med, 2018, 35(10): 905-909,923. [9] 中华人民共和国中央人民政府. 健康中国行动(2019-2030年)[EB/OL]. (2019-07-09)[2023-03-13]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2019-07/15/content_5409694.htm. The Central People’s Government of the China. Healthy China Action (2019-2030)[EB/OL]. (2019-07-09)[2023-03-13]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2019-07/15/content_5409694.htm. [10] 张奇, 孙浩然, 陆见霏, 等. 我国放射工作人员职业紧张研究现状[J]. 中国辐射卫生,2023,32(6):651-655. Zhang Q, Sun HR, Lu JF, et al. Research status of occupational stress among radiation workers in China[J]. Chin J Radiol Health, 2023, 32(6): 651-655. [11] 陈惠清, 陈嘉斌, 杨敏, 等. 2种模式联合评估医疗放射工作人员职业紧张水平及其影响因素[J]. 中国职业医学,2019,46(3):317-321. Chen HQ, Chen JB, Yang M, et al. Assessing occupational stress level and its influencing factors in medical radiologists by two models[J]. China Occup Med, 2019, 46(3): 317-321. [12] 王恰, 杨爱初, 黄伟欣, 等. 广东省放射工作人员职业紧张水平调查[J]. 中国职业医学,2016,43(3):308-311. Wang Q, Yang AC, Huang WX, et al. Investigation on occupational stress of radiation exposed workers in Guangdong Province[J]. China Occup Med, 2016, 43(3): 308-311. [13] 李晓艺, 陈惠清, 杨敏, 等. 劳动密集型企业流水线作业工人职业紧张现状及影响因素分析[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援,2023,41(1):67-72. Li XY, Chen HQ, Yang M, et al. Occupational stress status and its influencing factors of assembly-line workers in labor-intensive enterprises[J]. Occup Health Emer Rescue, 2023, 41(1): 67-72. [14] 史凌云, 陈莹, 吴星. 新疆三级甲等医院外科医务人员职业紧张现状及影响因素[J]. 职业与健康,2019,35(14):1884-1888. Shi LY, Chen Y, Wu X. Current situation and influencing factors of occupational stress in surgical medical staff in grade-A tertiary hospitals of Xinjiang[J]. Occup Health, 2019, 35(14): 1884-1888. [15] 陈涛, 贾宁, 孙成勋, 等. 供电企业运检人员职业紧张的危险因素研究[J]. 中国工业医学杂志,2018,31(6):408-410,414. Chen T, Jia N, Sun CX, et al. Study on risk factor of job stress in operation and maintenance personnels of power supply enterprise[J]. Chin J Ind Med, 2018, 31(6): 408-410,414. [16] 黄坚芳, 朱林平, 杨艳云. 916名医疗放射工作者职业健康反应的归因分析[J]. 广西医学, 2011, 33(12): 1641-1643. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4304.2011.12.037. Huang JF, Zhu LP, Yang YY. Attributive analysis of occupational health reactions among 916 medical radiation workers[J]. Guangxi Med J, 2011, 33(12): 1641-1643. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4304.2011.12.037. [17] 何鼎盛, 李富业, 冀晓丽, 等. 接触小剂量电离辐射人员职业紧张水平的调查[J]. 新疆医科大学学报,2016,39(11):1452-1455. He DS, Li FY, Ji XL, et al. A study on the occupational stress of workers exposed to the low dosage ionization radiation[J]. J Xinjiang Med Univ, 2016, 39(11): 1452-1455. [18] 刘斌, 陈慧峰, 闫雪华, 等. 职业病危害因素对电网企业员工职业紧张影响分析[J]. 中国职业医学,2020,47(6):640-645. Liu B, Chen HF, Yan XH, et al. Influence of occupational hazards on occupational stress of employees in a power grid enterprise[J]. China Occup Med, 2020, 47(6): 640-645. [19] 张建, 朱庆云, 朱建锋, 等. 上海市青浦区社区卫生服务中心医务人员职业紧张状况调查[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援,2018,36(5):415-417. Zhang J, Zhu QY, Zhu JF, et al. Occupational stress and influencing factors among community medical personnel in Qingpu District of Shanghai[J]. Occup Health Emer Rescue, 2018, 36(5): 415-417. [20] 刘斌, 陈慧峰, 闫雪华, 等. 广东省某供电企业员工职业紧张及其影响因素分析: 基于付出-回报失衡模式[J]. 环境与职业医学,2020,37(3):225-230. Liu B, Chen HF, Yan XH, et al. Analysis of correlation between occupational stress and influencing factors of employees of a power supply company in Guangdong: based on effort-reward imbalance model[J]. J Environ Occup Med, 2020, 37(3): 225-230. [21] 郝俊瑶, 赵俊琴, 赵春香, 等. 心理弹性在疾控人员职业紧张与抑郁关系中的中介作用[J]. 环境与职业医学,2022,39(8):871-877. Hao JY, Zhao JQ, Zhao CX, et al. Mediating role of resilience in relationship between occupational stress and depression of staff of centers for disease control and prevention[J]. J Environ Occup Med, 2022, 39(8): 871-877.
|
|
|
|