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  • 28 April 2014 Volume 23 Issue 2
      
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  • Assessment of DNA Damage in Radiation Staff Using Comet Assay
    LI Rui, WANG Yan, DU Li-qing, XU Chang, FAN Sai-jun, LIU Qiang
    2014, 23(2): 104-106. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2014.02.005
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    Objective To observe the DNA damage level of radiation workers in different work types and work time. Methods DNA single strand break were detected by using comet assay, and all the comet were analysed by the CASP software. TDNA%, TL, TM and OTM were detected in the present study. Statistics analysis was performed using SPSS13.0 software. Results TDNA%,TL,TM and OTM in the radiation group were higher than those of control group significantly(F=5.26, P < 0.01) and the significant difference was found in the different types of work or different lengths of service (F=2.67, P < 0.01). Conclusion Obvious correlation was found among different types of work or different lengths of service.
  • Prevalence of Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Diabetes Among the Nuclear Power Workers in China
    LIN Da-feng, ZHOU Jin-peng, WU Zi-jun, HUANG Xian-qing
    2014, 23(2): 107-111. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2014.02.006
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    Objective To conduct a cross-sectional study to investigate the prevalence of overweight, obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS), pre-diabetes, and diabetes among the nuclear power workers (NPW) in China. Methods We collected information of health check-ups from 1 388 in service workers in a nuclear power station. Overweight, obesity, MetS, pre-diabetes, and diabetes were defined according to guidelines from WHO and the US National Cholesterol Education Program, respectively. Results The age-standardized prevalence of overweight and MetS among NPW (21~59 years old) were 37.50% (95% CI 34.95~40.05%) and 14.02% (95% CI 12.16~15.88%), respectively, both higher than those among adult Chinese population (ACP) (both P < 0.01). The age-standardized prevalence of obesity was 3.27% (95% CI 2.33~4.21%), not significantly different from that among ACP (P > 0.05). The age-standardized prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes were 5.14% (95% CI 3.98~6.30%) and 2.70% (95% CI 1.85~3.55%), respectively, both lower than those among ACP (both P < 0.01). Additionally, workers in the 1-9 and 10-19 years groups of working year had 2.94 (95% CI 1.23~7.06) and 3.50 (95% CI 1.37~8.91) fold risk of overweight compared with that in the < 1 year group, respectively. Prevalence of overweight and MetS both increased significantly with increasing working years (Ptrend < 0.01). Conclusion The NPW had relatively high risk of overweight and MetS and its relation with nuclide radiation exposure should be further investigated.
  • MRS in Pseudoprogression of Glioma after Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy
    LI Wan-hu, HU Xu-dong, XU Liang, YANG Hui, CUI Yong-chun, ZHANG Bo, ZHU Yu-fang, LI Quan-tai, LI Jie-qing
    2014, 23(2): 112-114. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2014.02.007
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    Objective To analyze the value of 1H-MRS in differentiating pseudoprogression and recurrence of malignant glioma after surgery and/or radiotherapy. Methods 26 patients with malignant glioma who had undergone surgery and/or radiotherapy and suspected to have tumor progression clinically were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent 1H-MRS examination. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV and NPV of contrast-enhanced MR scanning and 1H-MRS were calculated by taking the result of pathologic examination or clinical follow-up as reference standard. The inter-group comparison was performed by using t test and a P value less than 0.05. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results 12 patients out of the total 26 patients had tumor recurrence. The difference of Cho/Cr, Cho/NAA and NAA/Cr ratio was all statistically significant. Taking 2.5 as the cut-off point for Cho/Cr, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 100%, 92.9% and 96.2% respectively. Taking 3.42 as the cut-off point for Cho/NAA, the sensitivity, and specificity were 66.7% and 92.9% respectively. The group of tumor pseudoprogression had a greater NAA/Cr ratio than the group of tumor recurrence. Taking 1.97 as the cut-off point for NAA/Cr, the sensitivity and specificity were 92.9% and 100% respectively. Conclusion 1H-MRS helps to differentiate tumor pseudoprogression and recurrence of malignant glioma after surgery and/or radiotherapy.
  • Clinical Treatment of Combined Small Cell Esophageal Cancer
    JIANG Chao, ZHANG Peng-cheng, WANG Huan-huan, MENG Mao-bin, YUAN Zhi-yong
    2014, 23(2): 115-119. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2014.02.008
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    Objective To explore the clinical features, prognostic factors, and role of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy in combined small cell esophageal cancer(C-SCEC). Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 32 Patients with C-SCEC from the Cancer Hospital of Tianjin Medical University between January 1989 and April 2012. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate survival, and the log-rank test was used for univariate prognostic analysis. Results A total of 29 patients (90.6%) participated in follow-up visits. The overall survival of the patients ranged between 4.3 and 86.5 months with a median of 13.5 months. The one-、two- and three-year survival rates were 55.3%、31.6%、15.8%, respectively. The univariate analysis showed that TNM stage (P=0.01), N-stage (P=0.01) and M-status (P=0.02) were associated with OS; the number of chemotherapy cycles (≥ 4) and chemotherapy after location therapy (surgery or radiotherapy) nonsignificantly improved the OS in C-SCEC (P=0.147 and P=0.086). Conclusion C-SCEC is major in Limited-stage, and multimodality therapy is recommended. TNM stage, N-stage and M-status are prognostic factors. Surgery combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy may improve the OS.
  • Subject Survey on Radiation Knowledge and Demand of Radiation Workers in One District of Shanghai
    WANG Gui-min, JIANG Yong-gen, XIA Yu-jie, WANG Yan-mei, SUN Zhong-xing
    2014, 23(2): 129-131. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2014.02.011
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    Objective To investigate the requirement and awareness of radiation knowledge of radiation workers in one district of Shanghai. Methods Questionnaire survey was carried on among 150 radiation workers and scores from 147 received questionnaires were analyzed statistically. Results Radiation workers showed differences in understanding radiation-related knowledge. Awareness rate about radiation basics got the lowest average score, with the scoring rate of 84.76%. Demands on radiology knowledge accounted for 95.24 percent the highest score level of the total number of all respondents. Radiation basics, radiation protection knowledge showed significant differences between different qualifications, ages and different occupational radiation workers (P < 0.05), while significant differences (P < 0.01) between different qualifications were shown only in the awareness of the radioactive hazard. Radiation emergency knowledge and awareness of the laws and regulations about radiation, radiation knowledge demands showed no significant differences between education, age and occupation (P > 0.05). Conclusion Radiation workers in this district of Shanghai had some knowledge of radiation. Propaganda of the radiation hygiene and radiation protection and training should be paid more attention, so as to further improve the level of radiation knowledge of the key radiation workers in this district.
  • Investigation and Evaluation of Total Radioactivity of Water Body in Xiangjiang River Basin in Hengyang
    XIAO Fang-zhu, TANG Wen-yi, LUO Bo, XIE Ju-ying
    2014, 23(2): 145-147. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2014.02.018
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    Objective To investigate the total radioactivity level of water body in Xiangjiang River basin in Hengyang, and find the potential radiation contamination in time, and analyse the experimental datas with radiation hygiene method. Methods Using 241Am and KCl as the reference material for measurement to investigate the total radioactivity level of water body with the medium thickness relative measuring method. Results The radiation hygiene evaluation results show the values of the total α and β of water samples were 0.0012-0.058 Bq/L and 0.013-0.3742 Bq/L, respectively. And the variance analysis show that there was no significant differences between the various water samples(P > 0.05). Conclusion The radioactivity levels in water body of Xiang jiang river are within the normal natural background and the water environment of Xiangjiang river is not contaminated by radioactive nuclide.
  • Effects of Lead on Biomarkers of Oxidative Damage and Energy Metabolism in the Blood of Battery Workers
    ZHU Wen-wen, SHAO Hua, FENG Bin, WANG Cui-juan, WEI Hai-yan, CHEN Wen-wen, CHEN Xue-lei
    2014, 23(2): 181-184. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2014.02.034
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    Objective To investigate effects of lead and its compounds on biomarkers of oxidative damage and energy metabolism in the blood of battery workers. Methods First,blood lead (BPb) of 590 workers in the lead battery factory were detected, and then according to BPb values,58 workers whose BPb were not more than 120 μg/L were selected as the control group in the non-exposed workers,51 workers with blood lead from 180 μg/L to 220 μg/L were as low-exposure group, 52 workers with blood lead from 280 μg/L to 320ug/L were as the intermediate exposure group and 55 workers with BPb not less than 380 μg/L were as the high exposure group. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum were tested to evaluate the degree of oxidative damage. Activities of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) in serum and total ATPase in whole blood were detected to evaluate the effects of lead on energy metabolism. Results Compared with the control group, the activity of SOD in low, medium and high exposure groups had significantly declined (P < 0.05); The level of SDH in serum of medium and high exposure groups were higher than that of the control group,which only was seen in male workers(P < 0.05) and was not reflected in female workers(P > 0.05); Whether male or female, the levels of MDA in serum and total ATPase in whole blood did not have statistically significant difference among the four groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion Lead could reduce the activity of SOD and the activity of SOD was a indicator more sensitive than MDA on about assessment of lead oxidative damage; lead bring about the rise about of the activity of SDH in serum to male workers, suggesting that this effect may have gender differences.