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  • 28 June 2012 Volume 21 Issue 2
      
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  • Preparation and Its Decorporation of Radiostrontium of Chitosan Derivative Nanoparticles in Vivo
    ZHAI Xiao-gang, XU Yu-jie, LlU Min, SHU Hong-zao, YANG Bai-xia
    2012, 21(2): 129-131. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2012.02.027
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    Objective To prepare CTS-EDTA nanoparticles and evaluate their decorporation effect on 89Sr in mice, especially preventive effects. Methods CTS-EDTA was synthesized by N-acylation reaction and its nanoparticles (CEC-Nano) was prepared by cross-linking CTS-EDTA with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP). The decorporation effects on 89Sr have been compared between the groups of the post-contamination and pre-contamination through administering the CEC-Nano chelater. Results CEC-Nano was confirmed to be spherical with uniform size by TEM. Radioactivity of skull as well as body residue in the pre-contamination group was lower than that in control and post-contamination groups. Conclusion CEC-Nano has good effect to the decorporation on 89Sr, especially when administered precontamination of radiostrontium.
  • Radioprotective Effect of Polysaccharides Isolated from Tremella Fuciformis in Mice
    HAN Ying, SHEN Xiu, XU Wen-qing, YANG Fu-jun, XUE Dan, ZHANG Yu-jie, LI Ji-yang
    2012, 21(2): 132-133. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2012.02.052
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    Objective To investigate the radioprotective effect of polysaccharides isolated from Tremella fuciformis in mice. Methods A 30-day survival assay and the hematological parameters of the peripheral blood were adopted to explore radioprotective effect. Results Mice were treated with polysaccharides once per day for three consecutive days before 8Gy gamma irradiation. The treatment groups receiving 18, 54 and 72 mg/kg body weight (b. w.) of polysaccharides showed 40%~50% survival post-irradiation. The 30-day survival and the average number of survival days were high compared to that of the radiated group. The hematological parameters of the peripheral blood indicated that polysaccharides, when administered at doses of 72 mg/kg b. w., significantly restored hemoglobin, white blood cell counts and red blood cell counts by the 14th day and 18th day. Conclusion Polysaccharides isolated from Tremella fuciformis could reduce the injury by radiation in mice.
  • Effects of Different Premature Chromosome Condensation Method on Dose-curve of 60Co γ-Ray
    GUO Yi-cao, YANG Hao-xian, YANG Yu-hua, LI Xi-na, HUANG Wei-xu, ZHENG Qiao-ling
    2012, 21(2): 134-136. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2012.02.028
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    Objective To study the effect of traditional method and improved method of the premature chromosome condensation(PCC) on the dose-effect curve of 60Co γ ray,for choosing the rapid and accurate biological dose estimating method for the accident emergency. Methods Collected 3 healthy male cubits venous blood (23 to 28 years old),and irradiated by 0,1.0,5.0,10.0,15.0,20.0 Gy 60Co γ ray(absorbed dose rate:0.635 Gy/min). Observed the relation of dose-effect curve in the 2 incubation time(50 hours and 60 hours) of the traditional method and improved method. Used the dose-effect curve to verify the esposure of 10.0 Gy(absorbed dose rate:0.670 Gy/min). Results ①In the traditional method of 50-hour culture,the PCC cell count in 15.0 Gy and 20.0 Gy was of no statistical significance. But there were statistical significance in the traditional method of 60-hours culture and improved method(50-hour culture and 60-hour culture). Used the last 3 culture methods to make dose curve. ②In the above 3 culture methods,the related coefficient between PCC ring and exposure dose was quite close (all of more than 0.996,P < 0.01),the linear regression equation was established and the correlation index was quite close,the dose-effect curve was fitting the linear model. But there were no statistical significance among regression coefficient(P > 0.05),the morphology of regression straight lines almost overlap. ③Used the above 3 dose-effect curves to estimate the irradiation results(10.0 Gy),the error was less than or equal to 8%,all of them were within the allowable range of the biological experiment(15%). Conclusion The 3 dose-effect curves of the above 3 culture methods can apply to biological dose estimating of large doses of ionizing radiation damage. Especially the improved method of 50-hour culture,it is much faster to estimate and it should be regarded as the first choice in accident emergency.
  • Material Discrimination by Dual-energy X-ray with Monte Carlo Simulation Method
    ZHANG Hui, GUAN Shi-rong, PANG-Yang, ZHOU Wei, MEI Xue-song, TENG Li-cai, HAN Ye-hui, HUANG Long-chuan
    2012, 21(2): 136-138. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2012.02.001
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    Objective To improve the accuracy of material recognition with X-ray. Methods By using Monte Carlo method to simulate the material discrimination of dual-energy X-ray. Results Relationship of six materials between recognition curves and atomic number was confirmed. Conclusion Monte Carlo method can improve the material classification of practical security inspection systems
  • Effect of Tannins from Dioscoreae Cirrhosae and Galla Chinensis on Gamma ray Exposed Mice
    YUE Feng, WANG Qing-min, TANG Ying, LI Yu, SHI Hai, LEI Cheng-xiang
    2012, 21(2): 139-140. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2012.02.053
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    Objective To explore the protective effect of tannins from Dioscoreae Cirrhosae and Galla chinensis on radiation injury. Methods Forty male Chinese Kunming mice were randomly divided into non-radiation group, radiation group without drugs, radiation group with tea polyphenols, radiation group with tannins from Dioscoreae Cirrhosae and radiation group with tannins from Galla chinensis. The radiation groups were irradiated with a single exposure of 8.0 Gy γ rays from 60Co. The mice were intragastrically administered 2 h before radiation and were done 18 h after radiation. The 30-day survival rate, the mean survival time and the protective coefficients were confirmed. Results All the mice of radiation group without drugs died in 16 d after exposure, and their mean survival time was (12.0 ±2.45) d, while the radiation groups with tannins from Dioscoreae Cirrhosae, with tannins from Galla chinensis and with tea polyphenols were (26.25 ±7.13) d,(21.88 ±8.89) d and (23.25 ±9.33) d respectively. There was significant difference in comparison with radiation group without drugs (P < 0.05 or P < 0.05). Conclusion The tannins from Dioscoreae Cirrhosae and Galla chinensis could lengthen the mean survival time of mice exposed to 8.0 Gy γ rays from 60Co and could present a significant protection effect on radiation injuries.
  • The Radiation Dose Study of Mammary Gland in the Heart Disease Diagnosis Using 256 Slice CT
    LIU Jian-wei, LIU Wei-wu, ZHU Wang-an, LI Zheng-cai, YUAN Qing-hai, HE Qiang, YANG Xiang-shan, CHEN Da-wei
    2012, 21(2): 141-142. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2012.02.029
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    Objective To analyze mammary gland radiation doses of axial scan and spiral scan when 256-row CT is used for heart scanning in order to find out a reasonable scan mode, and reduce the mammary gland radiation doses of CT on diagnosis of heart disease. Methods Use Philips 256-row CT to scan anthropomorphic phantom with thermoluminescence dosimeter on two different modes. Measure the doses by using BR2000D thermoluminescence dosimeter, then analyze the difference of mammary gland doses of the two scan modes. Result When under 256-row CT axial scan, the radiation dose on mammary gland is obviously lower than that of the which under 256-row CT spiral scan. Conclusion To reduce the mammary gland radiation doses, 256-row CT axial scan mode should be used for heart scanning.
  • Sample and Injection Manifolds Used to In-place test of Nuclear Air-cleaning System
    QIU Dan-gui, LI Xin-zhi, HOU Jian-rong, QIAO Tai-fei, WU Tao, ZHANG Ji-rong, HAN Li-hong
    2012, 21(2): 143-146. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2012.02.002
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    Objective According to the regulations of nuclear safety rules and related standards, in-place test of the nuclear air-cleaning systems should be carried out before and during operation of the nuclear facilities, which ensure them to be in good condition. In some special conditions, the use of sample and injection manifolds is required to make the test tracer and ventilating duct air fully mixed, so as to get the on-spot typical sample. Methods This paper introduces the technology and application of the sample and injection manifolds in nuclear air-cleaning system. Results Multi point injection and multi point sampling technology as an effective experimental method, has been used in a of domestic and international nuclear facilities. Conclusion The technology solved the problem of uniformily of on-spot injection and sampling, which plays an important role in objectively evaluating the functiion of nuclear air-cleaning system.
  • Detection of Chemical Agent on the Neutron Induced Gamma-ray Spectra of Defecting
    LIU Bin, WANG Kai, HU Wen-chao, HUANG LI-ming
    2012, 21(2): 146-148,152. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2012.02.007
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    Objective To explore an approach of defecting chemical agents in luggage or sealed containers by elemental analysis of gamma-ray spectra induce by neutron. Methods We defined average background if the background variation is not too large, and then used the subtracted spectrum to identify a gamma ray signal. The computer algorithms can calculate the signal's significance level for both the single spectral line and multiple spectral lines. Results Our results showed that the defined average gamma-ray background is suitable of the detection of the chemical agents in airport and other public areas. Conclusion We used phosphorus powder to simulate the chemical agent sarin, and then used our automated computer algorithms to calculate the single-line and multiple-line signal significance levels. From a multiple line analysis, our calculated results showed that in the actual application of this neutron detection technique the detection time can be reduced to 10 seconds or less for detecting small quantities of chemical agents.
  • The Preparation and Characterization of Nucleus Targeting Fullerenol Nanostructured Lipid Carriers
    YANG Bai-xia, XU Yu-jie, ZHAI Xiao-gang, LlU Min, LI Shen-chi
    2012, 21(2): 149-152. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2012.02.072
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    Objective To prepare and characte rize nucleus targeting fullerenol solid lipid nanoparticle[C60 OH24-SLN-E]. Methods In present study, fullerenol was synthesized by amine catalytic synthesis method. In addition, fullerenol nanostructured lipid carrier was prepared by wrapping with biological materials and linking to estrogen analogues with high affinity to nuclear receptors. Then, we analyzed and characterized the fullerenol and the nanostructure. Results The results demonstrated that the molecular formula of fullerenol is C60(OH)24. Moreover, the fullerenol nanostructured lipid carrier could penetrate nuclear membrane, and distribute to the cellular nucleus. Conclusion By this experimental method,we can prepare the NLC carriers C60 (OH)24.-NLC-E which might be a good candidate for the protection of ionizing radiation.
  • Protective Effects of Acanthopanax Senticosus Polysaccharide on Gastrointestinal and Reproductive System of 60Co γ-ray Irradiated Rats
    MO Lin-fang, SHEN Xian-rong, HE Ying, JIANG Ding-wen, LIU Yu-ming, HOU Deng-yong, LIU Qiong, CHEN Wei, WANG Qing-rong, LI Ke-xian, QIANG Tian-tian
    2012, 21(2): 153-155. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2012.02.054
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    Objective To evaluate the protective effects of Acanthopanax Senticosus polysaccharide(ASP) on gastrointestinal and reproductive system in male rats with irradiation damage induced by 60Co γ-ray. Methods 68 male rats were randomly divided into normal control group,irradiation control group,WR-2721 group,523 group and three experimental groups (the 200 mg/kg·d ASP group, the 100 mg/kg·d ASP group, and the 50 mg/kg·d ASP group). Rat models were made by 5Gy 60Co γ ray in the whole body except those in the normal control group. WBC in Peripheral blood and the weight were detected at 5 d pre-irradiation and 3,10,14 d post-irradiation. Liver index(LI), spleen index(SI), thymus index(TI), intestinal length(IL), testicle index, epididymis index, germ cells were detected at 14th d after irradiation. Results ① Compared with the normal control group, the weight, the SI, TI, IL, epididymis index, testicle index and germ cells became significantly lower in the irradiation control group. The index of ASP group were higher than that of the irradiation control group. ②At 5 d pre-irradiation, the WBC in peripheral blood of the irradiation control group became significantly higher. With the increase of administration dosage, WBC count rises. After irradiation, the WBC of irradiation control group were significantly lower; After being treated by different doses of Acanthopanax Senticosus Polysaccharide, WBC increased,this medicine could significantly accelerate the recovery of WBC compared with the irradiation control group. ③Compared with the normal control group, the LI became higher in the irradiation control group. 60Coγ-rays irradiation caused hepatauxe. The 100 m g/kg·d ASP group and the 50 m g/kg·d ASP group became lower than that of the irradiation control group. ASP is suggestad to have theaprtic function. Conclusion The results showed that Acanthopanax Senticosus Polysaccharide has radioprotective effect on gastrointestinal and reproductive system in male rats.
  • The exposure dose to PET/CT technologists
    LI Weiguo, YANG Guo-ren, LI Quan-tai, LI Hai-liang, SUN Ai-jun
    2012, 21(2): 181-183. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2012.02.016
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    Objective We conduct a field survey to measure the radiation dose of technologists for preparing and administrating radiopharmaceuticals in PET/CT facilities,these work may contribute to protective design for PET facility or a prospective state radioactive protection standards. Method Common TLDs are tied to thorax or necklace of technologists to monitor the total or thyroid dose; and ring TLDs are fixed on both index fingers for hand dose. Assembled and measured all these TLDs each month in half year. Additionally,we mesure and compare the dose values of TLDs attached inside the lead with that of outside. Results The PET/CT technologists received relatively abundant exposure and account for 64%~94% of the collective dose in their facilities; their thyroid dose is in the range of 1.20~1.70 mSv/a,even some technologists' hand dose exceed 500mSv/a; Lead clothing reduces the average dose by 8%. Conclusion Technologists in PET/CT facilities are the major exposed population,they need to take more measures to reduce the dose,in particularly the hand dose.