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  • 28 October 2013 Volume 22 Issue 5
      
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  • Study on Free Radical and Antioxidant Ecological Network System Theory Model and Its Application
    SUN Hua-bin, YU Xiu-xin, ZHAO Yong
    2013, 22(5): 513-517. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2013.05.001
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    Objective To put forward and establish a unified theory of free radicals and antioxidants bilolgical effect model to quantitatively describe and explain biphase of diversity of the bilolgical effects of free radicals and antioxidant, and apply to the medical protection in NCB damage. Methods Summarize the latest achievements in free radicals and antioxidants in biomedical, put forward 10 basic principles to establish the unified theory of free radicals and antioxidants eclolgical network system model. Results Free radicals and antioxidants ecological network system theory model is proposed and 3 model equations are established, they can quantitatively describe and explain the biphase or diversity biological effects of free radicals and antioxidants, and put forward the unified stress damage mechanism and protective measures induced by NCB damage. Conclusion Free radicals and antioxidants ecological network system theory and the model can quantitativerly describe and explain the biploar or diversity biological effects of free radicals and antioxidants, can also be applied to other generalized stress stimulus:physical factors, chemical factors and bilolgical factors, psychological, drugs, poisons, etc. This is a generalized ecological network stystem theory model for oxidative stress and redox stress.
  • Clinical Research of Simultaneous Integrated Boost Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy Combined with Temozolomide in Treatment of Postoperativeresidual Glioblastoma
    REN Ai-jun, SHAO Qian, LU Jie, LI Feng-xiang, LI Jian-bin
    2013, 22(5): 518-521. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2013.05.002
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    Objective To study the clinical efficacy of simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy(SIB-IMRT) combined with temozolomide in treatment of patients with postoperativeresidual glioblastoma. Methods Fifty six patients with postoperativeresidual glioblastomaof brain received SIB-IMRT. The postoperative residual lesion was defined as gross tumor volume(GTV). The margin of GTV expanded 5 mm was defined as CTV. The margin of CTV expanded 5 mm was defined as PTV. The postoperative resectional cavity was defined as CTV1. The margins of CTV1 which were enlarged 15 mm and 30 mm were defined as PTV1 and PTV2 respectively. Doses of 2.5 Gy/f, 2.3Gy/f and 2.0 Gy/f were prescribed for PTV, PTV1 and PTV2 respectively. All patients received irradiation for 5 weeks 5 times per week. All patients were given temozolomide 75 mg/m2 oral daily during radiotherapy. Four weeks after radiotherapy there were 26 patients (defined as group A) did not continue to take temozolomide. The other 30 patients (defined as group B) received 6 cycles of temozolomide,each cycle lasted 5 days with 28 days interval between two cycles. Results In the 56 patients,CR was 7 cases(12.5%),PR was 38 cases(67.8%),SD was 8 cases(14.3%),PD was 3 cases (5.4%). The responed cases were 45 (80.3%). The median survival time in all patients, group A and group B was 30 months,23 months and 36 months respectively. The mean survival time was (29.82 ±9.11) months in all patients. The overall survival rates of one-,two-and three-year were 96.4%, 73.2%,and 33.9% respectively. The mean survival time and survival curve in group A were significantly lower than that in group B(P < 0.05). There were no severe radiochemotherapy-related toxicities. Conclusion Concurrent SIB-IMRT with temozolomide and followed by 6 cycles of temozolomide chemotherapy for postoperativeresidual glioblastoma has a better clinicaloutcome, good tolerance and no severe radiochemotherapy-related toxicities.
  • Circadian Rhythms of Cell Cycle in Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cell and Chronoradiation
    FAN Zhi-jun, LIU Shi-yu, LI Ke, WANG Huan-kun, CHEN Liang
    2013, 22(5): 521-523. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2013.05.003
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    Objective To study the circadian rhythms of cell cycle in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells and effect of chronoradiation on NPC cells in order to provide necessary data for making clinical chronoradiotherapy schedule of NPC. Methods Single sell suspension was obtained from NPC cell line CNE-2 cultured in vitro at different times within a day and stained with propidium iodide. The cell cycles were measured by flowcytometry. According to the cell survival curve, NPC cells were irradiated by radiation on the acrophase and nadir of G2/M phase. The cell survival fraction (SF) was examined by microclonogenic and the clonogenic assays. Results One-way ANOVA showed that the proportion of cancer cells in each phase varied according to circadian time with statistical significance(P < 0.05); Both microclonogenic and the clonogenic assays showed that the SF of cells irradiated on the acrophase of G2/M phase was lower than that of cells irradiated on the nadir (P < 0.05). Conclusion Cell cycle of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2 cells might vary according to circadian rhythms. The difference of the survival fraction (SF) of NPC cells irradiated according to circadian rhythms predicted the superiority of chronoradiotherapy.
  • The Results and Evaluation of the Quick Check Examination on the Linear Accelerator in One Year
    LI Yu, XU Hui-jun, ZHANG Su-jing
    2013, 22(5): 524-526. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2013.05.005
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    Objective To collect data about the QUICK CHECK on a linear accelerator's field parameters, analyze the results, and evaluate the consistency of central axis dose, the flatness, symmetry, radiation quality and dose rate of the accelerator's fields. Methods During February 2012 and February 2013, the accelerator worked normally for 216 days and had breakdown for 47 days. We utilized QUICK CHECK to examine the two fields of 10 cm×10 cm and 20 cm×20cm and used the check results as a standard for following detection. We used QUICK CHECK to examine the linear accelerator for 216 times. Detected parameters included central axis dose, flatness, symmetry (along directions of (gun-target) G/T and L/R (left-right)), radiation quality and dose rate. We collected and analyzed the detection data, and then evaluated the stability of the accelerator. Results For the field of 10 cm×10 cm, the central axis dose was (100 ±2.3) MU, and detected results exceeded 2% for 11 times (5.09%). The detection value of flatness was (100 ±2.6)%, and the results exceeded 2% for 4 times (1.85%). The detection value of symmetry (direction of G/T) was (100 ±1.4)%, the value of symmetry (direction of L/R) was (100 ±2.7)%, and 4 (1.85%) of the results exceeded 2%. The detection value of radiation quality was (100 ±2.79)%, and exceeded 2% for 3 times (1.39%). The detection value of dose rate was 300 ±11.2 MU/min. For the field of 20 cm×20 cm, the central axis dose was (100 ±2.1) MU, and detected results exceeded 2% for 11 times (5.09%). The detection value of flatness was (100 ±1.2)%. The value of symmetry (direction of G/T) was (100 ±0.27)%, the one of symmetry (direction of L/R) was (100 ±1.27)%, radiation quality (100 ±0.35%). Conclusion The qualified rate of central axis dose was 94.91%, flatness 98.15%, symmetry 100%, radiation quality 100% and dose rate 100%. Except for the central axis dose, the qualified rates of consistency of the parameters were all above 98%. Therefore the accelerator's stability was excellent.
  • Radionuclide Contents Determination and Radiation Level Analysis of Cement
    CHEN Tao, JIA Ming-yang, CHEN Yi-xue
    2013, 22(5): 527-530. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2013.05.006
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    Objective To determine the radionuclide contents in cements, analyse their radiation levels, and provide advisement for safety use of cement. Methods We studied the specific activities of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in 9 cement samples by NaI γ ray spectroscopy. The radiation level of these cement samples were also analysed using the irradiation index and indoor effective dose. Results The results indicate that radiation order of different cement is white Portland cement < composite Portland cement < ordinary Portland cement < slag Portland cement. Conclusion All cement samples are safe according to the national radiation safety standard. However, improper use of cement still can cause potential radiation safety risk, which needs our special attention.
  • Study on Remote Radiation Monitoring of Imported Non-Ferrous Metal Ores by γ-ray Detectors Fixed beside Berth
    YAN Wen-xun, FENG Ya-hui, LI Jian-jun, ZHENG Jian-ming, CHENG Wei, DAI Dong-qing
    2013, 22(5): 530-533. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2013.05.007
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    Objective To provide a new way for remote radiation monitoring of imported non-ferrous metal ores. Methods γ-ray detectors were fixed beside pointed berth to realize remote radiation monitoring of imported non-ferrous metal ores. Results The way raised in this paper was confirmed to be feasible supported by both results of theoretic analysis and simulative experiment. Conclusion The creative method addressed in this paper provided a selective approach for radiation remote monitoring of imported non-ferrous metal ores.
  • Preliminary Study of the Interdependency Between the Positive CT Findings of Intracalvarium and Clinical Characteristics of Acute Head Injury
    HE Zhong-heng, CAO Zhao-fei, QIAN Ming-xia, ZHENG Wei, MA Zhou-peng
    2013, 22(5): 534-536,539. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2013.05.008
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    Objective To analyse the interdependency between the positive CT findings of intracalvarium and clinical characteristics of acute head injury,and explore the dangerous factors of acute intracranial injuries and the indication of CT. Methods The CT findings and clinical characteristics of acute head injury of 230 cases were studied prospectively. The clinical findings as independent variable, the positive findings on CT as dependent variable, their association with multivariate analysis of Logistic Regression was tested. Results The associated clinical characteristics with all positive CT result were neurological deficit (OR=3.05), serious injury(OR=2.37). The associated clinical characteristics with serous positive CT result were loss of consciousness(OR=4.13),fracture of skull(OR=3.85). Conclusion We have concluded that the preliminary indications of CT for acute head injury according to the dangerous characteristical factors can help clinicians to evaluate the occurrence and severity of acute intracranial injury correctly, and reduce the unnecessary CT.
  • Study on the Required Theoretical Amounts of 18F-FDG when Different Grouping Methods were Applied During PET-CT Examination
    ZHANG Hong-yu, ZHANG Zhong-tai, LI Ying-xin, XU Shu-wei, CUI Jie, GUO Fang
    2013, 22(5): 537-539. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2013.05.009
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    Objective To explore one grouping method which can reduce the amount of radiopharmaceutical 18F-FDG, when PET-CT examinations were performed without image losses of diagnostic utility. Methods 12 patients were divided into 12, 6, 4, 3 groups by method A, B, C, D. The required theoretical amounts of 18F-FDG for every patient were calculated and analyzed. Results The experiments showed that the required theoretical amounts for method A (1 patient in each group, injection interval, 20 minutes) was at maximum, method D was at least. Compared with method A, the required theoretical amounts for method B (2 patients in each group, injection interval, 40 minutes), C (3 patients in each group, injection interval, 60 minutes), D (4 patients in each group, injection interval, 80 minutes) decreased 5.0%, 9.4%, 14.0%, respectively. Conclusion The results showed that Method C is the best choice when PET-CT examinations were performed without image losses of diagnostic utility, and it can reduce the operating cost and operator radiation, so it was recommended in practical application.
  • Analysis of the Status Quo of Radiological Protection for Radiotherapy Units in a Certain Province
    YU Dan, SHI Dong-feng
    2013, 22(5): 543-545. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2013.05.011
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    Objective To examine the status quo of radiological protection for radiotherapy units in a certain province, investigate the existing problems and propose the corresponding suggestions. Methods The sample of law enforcement files of radiotherapy units for a certain province in 2010, acquired by health supervision, was analyzed by statistic software of SPSS 13.0. Results In 23 radiotherapy units, the rate of holding "Radiation Treatment Permits" is 91.3%, radiation workers with "Certificate of Radiation Workers" is 80.5%, occupational health examination is 95.9%, individual dose monitoring is 98.5%, the inspecting rate of radiotherapy equipments is 86.8%, the configuring rate of radiation dose scanners is 43.5%, personal alarm dosimeters is 73.9%, and the number of medical physics staffs is 36. Conclusion There are still some organizations, workers and large medical equipments haven't obtained permissions. The medical physics staffs and associated equipments are not enough. Hospitals and health administrative departments need to improve the work of radiological protection and administration, especially speeding up the process of granting permits, completing the deposing of equipments and staffs, strengthening the propaganda and training of radiation protection knowledge and regulations, completing radiation protection management system.
  • Labeling of Hypericin With Iodine-131
    MENG Bin, MA Ya, ZHU Wei, Yicheng Ni, ZHANG Jian, SUN Zi-ping
    2013, 22(5): 610-611,613. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2013.05.041
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    Objective The aim of this study is to establish the method for labeling hypericin with iodine-131. Methods we used Iodogen as the oxidant and the hypericin were labelled with iodine-131 by electrophilic substitution. Results In the neutral reaction conditions, using the proper amount of hypericin and Iodogen, the labeling reaction will complete quickly and efficiently and the labeling rate could be as high as 99%. Conclusion The labeling process was relatively simple and the labeling rate was high and the labeled compound was stable.
  • Analysis on Related Factors of Imaging Manifestation and Etiology in Children Pneumonia
    ZHAO Jian-she, SONG Dan, CUI Ruo-di, GAO Xin, GUO Lei, YI Ming-gang
    2013, 22(5): 620-625. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2013.05.046
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    Objective To explore the different pathogen imaging findings of pneumonia in children and provide a basis for early diagnosis of pneumonia pathogens. Methods Pneumonia possitive image manifestations (x-ray, CT) and the etiological data were analyzed, summarized and classified for 673 cases of pneumonia positive comfirmed by laboratory etiological deteition. Results 193 cases had the main manifestations of mycoplasma pneumonia:lobe,segment consolidation, 167 cases of bronchial pneumonia; 62 cases with streptococcus pneumoniae mainly manifested by lobar, segmental consolidation; 33 cases with staphylococcus aureus pneumonia glucose mainly manifested by lobe, segment consolidation, 9 cases of lung abscess, pulmonary balloon formation in 23 cases, necrosis in 21 cases; E. coli pneumonia just imaging findings:31 cases of bronchial pneumonia; Klebsiella pneumoniae mainly manifested by lobar lung consolidation, 9 cases of lung abscess; 32cases with ADV pneumonia maily manifested by extensive pulmonary infiltrates; 28 cases with RSV syncytial virus pneumonia mainly manifested by bronchiolitis. Conclusion Pneumonias caused by different pathogens all have their obvious imaging characteristics, which can be taken as one of the most important evidences for early diagnosis of pneumonia pathogens.