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  • 28 December 2013 Volume 22 Issue 6
      

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  • TANG Li, WANG Chun-quan, ZHOU Yu-bin, OU Shu-ping, YU Kai-wen, LIU Hong-xing
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    Objective To investigate the radioactive level of a lead underground mine in Yunnan Province and analyze possible measures of radiation protection of the underground mine to be taken. Methods Concentrations of 222Rn & 220Rn and γ dose rate are measured in five underground holes of the lead mine with different elevation applying instant measuring technology. Results 222Rn concentration is 1 367 Bq/m3, 220Rn concentration is 24 Bq/m3, potential alpha energy concentration of 222Rn daughters, 3.04μJ/m3 and γ dose rate, 0.08μGy/h. 222Rn concentration distribution is different (P < 0.05) and 220Rn concentration distribution is identical (P > 0.05) among different monitored underground holes of the mine. 222Rn concentration distribution of monitored underground hole with the highest elevation is different from that of other every hole (P < 0.005), and 222Rn concentration of the hole is less than that of other every hole. 222Rn concentration distribution is identical between the stope and resting area of underground mine (P > 0.05), and 220Rn concentration distribution is different (P < 0.05). 220Rn concentration of the stope is higher than that of resting area of underground mine. Conclusion 222Rn concentration exceeds managed target value (1 000 Bq/m3) specified by the national standard in the underground area of lead mine. Present ventilation system of underground mine doesn't reduce 222Rn concentration effectively. 222Rn concentration of underground mine is 50 times as much as 220Rn concentration. Potential alpha energy concentration of 222Rn daughters does not outnumber specified limit value (3.57 μJ/m3) of the national standard. γ dose rate does not surpass specified limit value (1 μGy/h) of the national standard and keeps within the background range of Yunnan Province. Workers of underground mine should receive individual dose monitoring and occupational health examination.
  • CAO Qin-qin, WANG Qi-zhi
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    Objective To analyse the variation of X-ray emitting efficiency and average energy with the target angle and tube voltage for directional radiation X-ray tube and the intensity distribution of X-ray output direction within a certain region. Methods For X-ray tube with and without filter, X-ray emitting efficiency and spectral energy distribution of different target angle are calculated by using the MCNP software for the tube voltage of 10 kV, 20 kV,30 kV,40 kV,50 kV,60 kV. Results X-ray emitting efficiency,the optimum target angle,the average energy, X-ray energy spectrum and the intensity distribution are determined for five kinds tube voltage of directional radiation X-ray tube under with and without filter. Conclusion X-ray emitting efficiency will increase with the tube voltage increasing,and it will increase at first and then decrease with target angle, and there is a optimal target angle. For the same tube voltage,the optimal target without filter is near 46 degree and the optimal target with filter increase with the tube voltage increasing. The average energy increases with tube voltage increasing,and decreases with the target angle. The optimal target angle decreases with the filter thickness decreasing for the same tube voltage. X ray intensity distribution is asymmetry in the axial direction and central symmetry in the radial direction.
  • JIANG Ding-wen, SHEN Xian-rong, HE Ying, LI Ke-xian, CHEN Wei, LIU Yu-ming, QIAN Tian-tian, WANG Qing-rong, HOU Deng-yong
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    Objective To evaluate the protective effects of sipunculus nudus polysaccharides (SNPS) on mice with irradiation damage induced by 5.0 Gy 60Co γ-ray. Methods 60 mice were divided into control group,model group, nilestriol group and 100 mg/kg·d, 200 mg/kg·d, and 400 mg/kg·d SNPS groups. SNPS was administrated by intra-gastric infusion every day, and nilestriol was administrated by intra-gastric infusion with 3.3 mg/kg,1.67 mg/kg in the day before and after iradiation, respectively. In the fifteenth day,the mice except control group were irradiated by γ-rays of 60Co (0.80 Gy/h) with the dose of 5.0 Gy. Peripheral blood WBC, the spleen index(SI), thymus index(TI), DNA contain in spleen cells and in bone marrow cells, SOD and MDA in serum were detected. Results Peripheral blood WBC in 100mg/kg·d and 200 mg/kg·d SNPS groups were higher than that of model group at the third day after irradiation (P < 0.05). Peripheral blood WBC in 100mg/kg·d, SI in 200 mg/kg·d and 400 mg/kg·d SNPS groups, DNA contain in spleen cells in 200 mg/kg·d SNPS group, DNA contain in in bone marrow cells in 100 mg/kg·d and 200 mg/kg·d SNPS groups, and SOD in serum in three SNPS groups were much higher than that of model group. MDA in three SNPS groups were much lower than that of model group at the fourteenth and third day after irradiation. Conclusion SNPS has radiation protective effects on γ-rays irradiation mice.
  • XU Xi-jie, ZOU Mei-fen, CHEN Quan-cheng, PAN Dong-hui, XU Yu-ping, CHEN Fei
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    Objective To establish a method for determination of 68Ga radioactivity via a 2480 WIZARD2 γ counter. Methods A 68Ga stock solution (3.7×107 Bq/mL) was prepared. After dilution, the radioactivity was determined by the counter. The standard curve, measurement time, precision, repeatability, stability and efficiency were studied. Results The measurement time is suitable at 5 seconds. There was a good linearity between 18.5 Bq~3.7×104 Bq of 68Ga radioactivity and the regression equation was y(cpm)=24.67x(Bq),(r=0.9999). The lowest detectable limit was 3.7 Bq. The value of background was (142 ±49) cpm. The RSD of precision, repeatability and stability testing RSD were 0.86%, 0.70% and 0.71%, respectively, and the efficiency was (41.04 ±0.95)%. Conclusion The method is simple, rapid, accurate and sensitive. It is suitable for determination of low dose 68Ga radioactivity.
  • FU Yu-cun, LIU Da-liang, SHI Pu-jun, WEI Li, GAO Cui-cui, LIU Cheng
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    Objective To discuss the clinical significance and the possibilities of low dose CT scaning with step-shoot CT technology in lumbar vertebra. Methods The phantom of abdomen is needed for the basic study of the new protocol. 200 patients who underwent lumber CT scan were randomly divided into the step-shoot CT group(experimental group A,B) and the Spiral CT group(control group C,D), each of 50 cases. The new protocol with step-shoot technology were performed in the experimental group; group A was routine-dose group:120 kV, 300 mAs; Group B was low-dose group:120 kV, 200 mAs. The control group was scanned with the conventional spiral CT. Group C was routine-dose group:120 kV, 300 mAs, pitch factor of 0.993; Group D was low-dose group:120 kV,200 mAs, collimation 128×0.625, 1mm slice thickness and 0.5 mm increment,FOV 180 mm. Computed Tomography Dose Index(CTDI) and Effective Dose (ED) were recorded separately. The original and MPR images were transferred to the PACS and evaluated by radiologists. The data were analyzed by SPSS. Results Radiation dose of the patients of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group; the dose (7.16 mSv) of group A was lower than that of group C(7.96 ±0.23 mSv); the dose (4.77 mSv) of group B was lower than that of group D (5.55 ±0.1 mSv); the dose of group B was lower than that of group C (P < 0.05). The image quality of group A had no difference with group C (P < 0.05); the image quality of group B was better than group D (P < 0.05); there was no significant difference between the group B and C in image quality(P > 0.05). Conclusion Low dose CT scaning with step-shoot technology in lumbar vertebra is practicable and the radiation dose can be greatly reduced.
  • TIAN Hui-bin, LIAO Heng, WU Zai-hui, Xu Bin, GAO Hui
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    Objective To study the effect on neuroethology of newborn mouse exposed to mobile phone radiation during embryo. Methods Female mouse exposed to mobile phone radiation during the whole pregnancy. Open field test, tiltboard test, and stick rotation test were performed to evaluate the neuroethology of newborn mouse 8 weeks after their birth. Results Compared to experimental mouse in control group, the stay time at the central block of which in exposed groups was longer, while the number of blocks that was over passed by mouse was less, and the differences were significant. The angle in tailboard test of mouse in exposed groups was lower, and the stay time in rotation stick was shorter, and the differences were significantly. Conclusion The exploratory behavior, the tensity, and the motion equilibrium capability of newborn mouse might be decreased given to be exposed cell phone radiation during embryo stage.
  • LI Ri, WANG Yan, DU Li-qing, XU Chang, TAN Gui-guo, LIU Qiang
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    Objective To explore the possibility of 99mTc-gelatin acting as imaging reagent for glomerular filtration. Methods 99mTc-gelatin was prepared by using 99Mo-99mTc generator. Rate of Radioactive uptake and radiocounting of 99mTc-gelatin were detected in heart, liver, lung, spleen, kidney and stomach of mice. Results High uptake rate and long holding period of 99mTc-gelatin were discovered in kidney, but the removal in blood was very fast. Conclusion 99mTc-gelatin was hopeful to be a kind of imaging reagent of glomerular filtration.
  • HAN Ran, XU Jia-liang, LIU Bin
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    Objective To study the possibility of killing Anthrax by the source of Be-Am. Methods We use MCNP to build a mode to simulate energy deposition in Anthrax spore per neutron then compare with the source of Cf-252, and also calculate the radiation dose to kill Anthrax spores. Results Neutron energy deposition in the anthrax sample is proportional to the thickness of the reflector, and the radiation dose at the same level with the source of neutron tube and Cf -252, but Be-Am is better because it's long-lived and low cost. Conclusion The source of Be-Am is more relevant to kill Anthrax spore.
  • LIU Ya, GUO Zhao-hui, JIANG Qing-huan, CHENG Jin-sheng
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    Objective To check the consistency between SSDL radiotherapy dose level standard and international standard, our SSDL participated in TLD international intercomparision organized by IAEA/WHO in 2012. Methods SSDL irradiated the TLDs posted by IAEA and caculated the dose to be delivered to the TLDs, then returned the TLDs and data sheet to IAEA dosimetry laboratory. IAEA gave the diviation of intercomparision result. Results The deviation for 60Co is-1.8%. Conclusion The requirement of deviation between IAEA and SSDL should be no more than ±3.5%. Therefore the results of this intercomparison are considered satisfactory.
  • SUN Lu, BAO Song-bin, CUI Yong, ZHANG Lin, GUO Jun-qiao
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    Objective To master the monitoring area radiation dose in time through analysis of the 2012 radiation workers external exposure personal dose monitoring work analysis. Methods The difference of personal dose monitoring value between the different type of workers were analyzed through the thermoluminescence dose monitoring method and SPSS software. Results Liaoning province personal dose monitoring value conforms to the limit requirements, the monitoring value of the medical applicatioans is (0.87 ±0.53) mSv·a-1,higher than the monitoring value of the industrial applications(0.71 ±0.59) mSv·a-1 (P < 0.01); the monitoring value of nuclear medicine workers(1.010 ±0.387) mSv·a-1 is higher than that of other types. There are no obvious differences in industrial applications. Conclusion Strengthen the protection for the nuclear medicine workers, supervise and urge the employing units to have the personal dosage meter timely inspected and to help to wear the meter correctly.
  • WANG Dong, GUO Jian-feng, LIU Bao-hua, SHI Jin-song, HUANG Heng, ZHANG Jin-fan
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    Objective Preliminary to ascertain electromagnetic radiation intensity level of microwave oven. Methods Electromagnetic radiation of microwave ovens were measured by PMM8053B based on the european standard measurement methods for electromagnetic fields of household appliances and similar apparatus with regard to human exposure(EN62233:2008). Besides,indoor electromagnetic radiation level variation due to electromagnetic radiation of microwave oven was analyzed. Results The highest level of electric field of microwave oven was 34.3 V/m,and the highest level of power density was 99.68μT. Conclusion It is necessary to establish legislative system of microwave oven urgently.
  • XIU Hai-di, LI-Chao, LI Hou-yong, MENG Lei, WANG Rui, ZHANG Zhen-ling, WANG Rong, SHAO Hua
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    Objective To observe apoptosis of splenocytes in mice with Eupatorium adenophorum spreng extract. Methods The mice were gavaged Eupatorium adenophorum spreng extract at dose of 75.0、150.0、300.0 g·kg-1·d-1 for 7 days. The spleens were excised from mice under aseptic condition,and single-cell suspension of splenocytes was prepared. After incubation in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented for 24~48 hours, apoptotic rate of splenocytes was measured. The pathological changes in spleen were observed by optical microscopy. Results By optical microscopy,white pulps were atrophied and splenic nodules were destroyed,cell dissolved fragments. A significant increase of a apoptotic rate in Eupatorium adenophorum spreng extract treate groups compared with the control Conclusion Eupatorium adenophorum spreng extract could cause obvious pathological changes and significant increase of a apoptotic rate in the mouse spleen.