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  • 28 June 2011 Volume 20 Issue 2
      
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  • Elemental Daily Inhalation of Chinese Adult Men
    WU Quan, GAO Jian-zheng, FAN Ti-qiang, et al
    2011, 20(2): 129-131. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2011.02.045
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    Objective To obtain 46 elementsl of daily inhalation of Chinese adult men。Methods Inhalable particle samples in air were collected in 3 days runnings in 4 areas with different dietary types in China.The concentrations of 46 elements in these samples were analyzed by ICP-MS,ICP-AES after pretreatment with the human dynamics.The median of results were calculated as the representative ualues.Results The data of 46 elemental of daily inhalation of Chinese adult men were obtained.Conclusions The research provide exploratory basis for developing reference values of Chinese Reference Men and some important biokinetics parameters.
  • Improvement of the Laboratory Model that Simulates the Migration of Depleted Uranium in Soils
    LI Juan, GUO Zhi-ying, LIANG Yue-qin, et al
    2011, 20(2): 132-134. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2011.02.010
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    Objective To improve the migration model of depleted uranium and confirm the reliability of the laboratory model.Methods The improved laboratory model of DU migrating in soils has been set up.Method of stratified sampling has been adopted.The uranium element content and 235U/238U were determined by ICP-MS and the depths of DU migration identified.Results The depth of DU migration was 9cm~11cm,25cm~29cm,and 35cm or more,corresponding to the rain pH of 5.6,4.0,and 3.0 respectively.The depth of DU migration in Chinese experiment module of DU,French DU testing field,battle ground in Kosovo was Over 25cm,30cm and 10cm-20cm.Conclusion Acid rain has promoted the migration of depleted uranium.The migration depths in experiments coincide with the depth measured on the spots polluted by DU,which illustrates the laboratory model has been designed successfully in the main.
  • Investigation of Radioprotective Effects of Aqueous Extract of Sauseurea Obyallata on Immune System of Mice
    ZHANG Guo-liang, LI Wen-hui, GUO Na, et al
    2011, 20(2): 135-136,139. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2011.02.057
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    Objective To investigate the radioprotective effects of test compound on immune system of mice from radiation injury.Methods Immunologic function and general state of mice were shown by swimming experiment with the weighing of spleen,thymus and computing their indexs,hemolysin mensurate experiment and PHA stimulated lymphocyte transformation experiment.All mice were irradiated with 6 Gy and received the test compound by gavage for 14 days,7days before irradiation and 7days after irradiation.All the indicators were measured according to established methods.The data went through Statistical analysis by spss11.5.Results Irradiation has obvious influence on the immune function and systemic state of mice.In swimming experiment,mice in the treatment group swim longer than the model group,but is of no significant difference.The thymus indexes are higher in treatment groups than in model group,especially the HD group,compared with model group,the differences are obvious (P < 0.05).There is no obvious difference between treatment groups and model group with OD value in hemolysin mensurate experiment.Conclusions Aqueous Extract of Sauseurea Obyallata may have radioprotective effects on immune system of mice,which deserves further exploration in the compound preparing,analysis of Chemical Compositions and the dose and mode and the treatment duration of the compound.
  • Primary Quantitative Analysis of the mtDNA4977bp Deletion Induced by Ionizing Radiation in Human Peripheral Blood Using real-time PCR
    DUAN Zhi-kai, LIU Jian-gong, GUO Wan-long, et al
    2011, 20(2): 137-139. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2011.02.011
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    Objective To observe the influence of mtDNA4977bp deletion induced by different dose of γ ray in human peripheral blood in order to explore the feasibility of mtDNA4977bp deletion as biodosimeter.Methods Human peripheral blood samples were collected from three healthy donors and irradiated by γ ray,MtDNA4977bp deletion was detected by real-time PCR.Results It indicated that that from the range of 0~8 Gy,the relationship between mtDNA4977bp deletion and irradiation dose represents certain curvilinear correlation (Y=1.2693+1.0660X+0.0198X2).Conclusion We find that γ ray has influence on the mtDNA4977bp deletion,so it may be an important biodosmeter in future.
  • Elemental Daily Excretion in Feces of Chinese Adult Men
    LIU Qing-fen, GAO Jian-zheng, FAN Ti-qiang, et al
    2011, 20(2): 140-142. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2011.02.054
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    Objective To obtain 46 elemental daily excretion in feces and the elemental ratio of daily urinary and fecal excretion of Chinese adult men.Methods Feces and urine samples were collected in 3 days running in 4 areas with different dietary types in China.The concentrations of 46 elements in these samples were analyzed by ICP-MS,ICP-AES after pretreatment.The median of results was calculated with the data of the amount as the representative of urinary and fecal excretion.Results The data of 46 elemental daily excretion in feces and the ratio of daily elemental excretion in urine and feces of Chinese adult men were obtained.Conclusions The research fill the gaps and obtain the data at first in related fields in China and provide exploratory basis for developing reference values of Chinese Reference Men and some important biokinetic parameters.
  • Studies on the Mechanism of Apoptasis by Radon in Lung Tissue of Mice
    PIAO Chun-nan, TIAN Mei, LIU Jian-xiong, et al
    2011, 20(2): 142-143,145. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2011.02.055
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    Objective To study the mechanism of apoptasis by radon in lung tissue of mice.Methods Male BALB/c mice were exposed to radon with the cumulative dose of 0.02,30 or 60 working level month (WLM) respectively,and then were raised for different time (24h、30d or 90d).Apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidy transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL).The expression of p53 and Bcl-2/Bax protein was observed by immunohistochemistry.Results As compared with the control group,the apoptotic index in lung tissue increased along with the increasing of expose dose and the raise time.The protein expression of p53 increased significantlyin the 30d and 90d groups.But Bcl-2/Bax expression decreased.Conclusions The apoptosis by radon in lung tissue of mice had close relationship with p53 and.Bcl-2/Bax pathway.
  • Effects of Extract of Achynanthis Bidentatae on CFU-S and Hemopoiesis of BFU-E、CFU-E in Irradiated Mice
    QUAN Hong-xun, ZHANG Yu-ming, MA Su-hao, et al
    2011, 20(2): 144-145. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2011.02.058
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    Objective To study the Extract of Achynanthis Bidentatae (ABE) on colony forming unit-spleen (CFU-S) and hemopoiesis of burst forming unit-erythroid (BFU-E)、colony forming unit-erythroid (CFU-E) in Irradiated mice.Methods Using techniques of CFU-S and cell culture of hemopoietic progenitors in vitro,the authors observed the effects of ABE on weight of spleen ﹑ CFU-S ﹑ BFU-E and CFU-E.Results It is shown the weight of spleen and the number of CFU-S was increased,but there was no stimulation activity on BFU-E and CFU-E.Conclution ABE may stimulate the proliferation of CFU-S,but there was no effect on differentiation of BFU-E and CFU-E.
  • Application of NCRP REPORT No. 151 for Evaluating the Radiation Level at the Ambience of Megavoltage Medical Electron Linear Accelerator Treatment Room
    YANG Hai-you, YU Shui
    2011, 20(2): 146-149. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2011.02.001
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    Objective The estimation model,on radiation level at the ambience of medical electron linear accelerator treatment rooms,is derived on the basis of NCRP REPORT No.151,which presents the calculation model of shielding design about barrier thicknesses of megavoltage medical electron linear accelerator treatment rooms.Methods The estimation model comes from NCRP REPORT No.151-"Structural Shielding Design and Evaluation for Megavoltage X-and Gamma-Ray Radiotherapy Facilities",which presents the calculation model of shielding design about megavoltage medical electron linear accelerator treatment rooms,and the dose rate at isocenter replaces the workload,and the occupancy factor and the use factor are forsaken,then the converse deduction is done according to barrier thicknesses of shielding materials.Ultimately,the estimation model,on radiation level at the ambience of medical electron linear accelerator treatment rooms,is derived.Results It can be regarded as a systematic estimation model for calculating the radiation level at the ambience of medical electron linear accelerator treatment room.Conclusion The estimation model has certain practical value to evaluate the radiation level at the ambience of medical electron linear accelerator treatment room.
  • Analysis of Operators' Surface doses in the Common Endovascular and On-vascular Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment
    ZHANG Lin, ZHU Jian-guo, MIN Nan, et al
    2011, 20(2): 149-150,153. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2011.02.012
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    Objective To contrast the level of radiation doses of Lead protective clothing both inside and outside in different parts of the body of the first and second operators and touring nurse in common endovascular and non-vascular interventional diagnosis and treatment.Methods We choose the common endovascular interventional diagnosis and treatment in the head、thorax、abdomen,such as Cerebral angiography,Coronary angiography,Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and non-vascular interventional diagnosis and treatment such as Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography and Percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage as experiment objects.Put the thermoluminescence dosimeter on the different spots of Lead protective clothing of subjects (Inside and outside the lead cap and the lead collar,inside and outside of the lead protective clothing in chest and abdomen,left upper arm outside of lead protective clothing,back of the left hand) and X-ray machine outgoing port when the operation was going on.After that,measure the thermoluminescence dosimeter,calculate and analyze exposure doses inside and outside of the lead protective clothing.Results The skin doses of operators in different types of interventional diagnosis and treatment are listed in Table 1to Table 4;exposure doses of touring nurses are very low;the doses of X-ray machine outgoing port are mostly over the measuring range.Conclusion The protection of Lead clothes plays a significant role in these two types of interventional diagnosis and treatment based on the conclusion that the dose of inside of Lead clothes is less than that of outside.We should enhance the operators'protection and administration in the process of intervention and arise the conscious of self-protection,to avoid the unnecessary radiation exposure.
  • Study of Dose Distribution of 125I Seed Using Monte Carlo Simulation and the Theoretical Calculation
    MEI Xue-song, ZHANG Hui, MA Yu-gang, et al
    2011, 20(2): 151-153. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2011.02.013
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    Objective To study the dose distribution of 125I seed.Methods Monte Carlo simulation and the American Association of Physicists in Medicine Report of the Working Group 43(AAPM TG-43) recommended by the theoretical formula (theoretical method) of the radial dose of 125I seed has been studied,and the Monte Carlo simulation and theoretical results were compared.Results When the activity of 125I seed was 37MBq,the radial distance of particle source were 0.5,1.0,1.5 and 2cm,the Monte Carlo simulation with the calculated radial dose rate distribution 3.19,0.89,0.41,0.22 cGy/h,theoretical calculations were 3.87,0.95,0.39,0.22 cGy/h.Conclusions Monte Carlo simulation and theoretical calculation were in good agreement,125I seed dose rate declined rapidly with increasing distance.
  • Investigation and Assessment of Tritium Concentration of Aquatic Environment Surrounding Haiyang Nuclear Power Plant
    SU Yin-ping, LI Fu-sheng, LI Hai-liang, et al
    2011, 20(2): 154-155. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2011.02.014
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    Objective To investigate tritium concentrations of aquatic environment surrounding Haiyang nuclear power plant,and make a analysis of the influencial factors of the tritium concentration;to assess the accumulated-effective dose of the residents surrounding nuclear power plant.Methods We collected 16 sample points,including surface water,groundwater,drinking water and sea water within 30km surrounding Haiyang nuclear power plant in wet period and dry period.The pretreatment and preparation of samples referred to the recommended methods of the national standards GB 12375-90.The low background liquid scintillation spectrometer is used to measure the tritium concentration.Result The average level of the tritium concentration of water samples was (0.62 ±0.163) Bq·L-1,the range of the tritium concentrations was from 0.27 Bq·L-1 to 0.93 Bq·L-1.The difference of the tritium concentrations between two different periods analyzed by the paired t test was considered statistically significant.(P < 0.05) The orders of the average tritium concentration of various types of water from high to low were surface water,groundwater,drinking water,seawater in wet period,and surface water,drinking water,groundwater,seawater in dry period.The accumulated-effective doses of the infants,adults,children who surrounding nuclear power plant were 0.015μSv·a-1,0.008μSv·a-1,0.007μSv·a-1,respectively.Conclusion The activity concentration of tritium in the aquatic environment surrounding Haiyang nuclear power plant was at the lower level than that of others;according to the limited value that is regulated by basic standards for protection against ionizing radiation and fo the safety of radiation sources (GB 18871-2002)(2mSv),the accumulated-effective dose which residents suffered was in background level of radiation.
  • Study on Radioprotective Effect of Oligo-chitosan on the Spleen of Animals
    GUO Jian-ping, ZHANG Hua-ping, WEI Jin-ping
    2011, 20(2): 156-158. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2011.02.059
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    Objective To study the radioprotective effect of splee of oligo-chitosan for mice injured by 60Co irradiation.Methods Using 60Co γ-ray irradiation mice,the influence of oligo-chitosan on index of splee,apoptpsis genes of bcl-2,bax,caspse-3 and protein of P53,Gadd 45 were observed.Results The results showed Oligo-chitosan increased the indexes of spleen,inhibited the genes of Bax、caspas-3 transfected and increased the gene of Bcl-2 expression,and elevated protein expression of P53 and Gadd45,compared with irradiation control.Conclusion Oligo-chitosan could reduce the injury by radiation and protect spleen of irradiated mice.