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  • 28 October 2015 Volume 24 Issue 5
      
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  • Preliminary Study on Hematopoietic Reconstruction Effects of Caffeic Acid in Lethally Irradiated Mice
    DU Zun-min, JIA Hai-peng, LIU Jing, YANG Li-li, JIANG Xiao-ling, CHENG Fang-guo
    2015, 24(5): 449-452. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.05.001
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    Objective To investigate the hematopoietic reconstruction effects of caffeic acid(CFA) in lethally irradiated mice. Methods 42 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 3 groups, 14 rats in each group:normal control group (no radiation, no filling medicine),irradiation group (radiation, no filling medicine), CFA group (administered CFA after irradiation). The mice in all groups except normal control group were irradiated with 4.5 Gy X-ray. The mice in CFA group were poured through gastic rote with CFA at the dose of 100mg/kg,once perday for 28 days. The survival rate of 30 days, body weight, the number of white blood cells(WBC),hemoglobin (HGB), platelet (PLT),bone marrow nuclear cells (BMNC), granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming unit (CFU-GM),colony-forming unit of megakaryocyte (CFU-MK),colony-forming unit-spleen (CFU-S),spleen index(SI) were observed. Results Survival rate,body weight, WBC, HGB, PLT, BMNC, CFU-GM, CFU-MK, CFU-S, SI counts were significantly higher in CFA group than those of the irradiation group(P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Conclusion Caffeic acid could effectively reconstruct hematopoiesis in lethally irradiated mice.
  • Research on Health Hazards Associated with Vacuum Arcing Chamber X-ray
    LU Jian-chao, WANG Zhong-li, YANG Hai-feng, HU Xin-mei, KANG Zhi-dong, GUO Qiang, CHAO Hui, LIU Hong-ying, ZHAO Li
    2015, 24(5): 453-456,459. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.05.002
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    Objective To investigate health hazards of the vacuum Arcing chamber associated X-ray. Methods To be studied by the method of the spot investigation about the occupational health and radiation hygiene, workplace occupational-disease-inductive detection, physical examination, personal dose detection and comprehensive analysis. Results Before vacuum arcing chamber pressure test equipment protection were an average radiation levels (10.13 ±6.11) μGy/h in a state of break-brake, up to 20 μ Gy/h. 30 cm outside the fence was an average of (31.36 ±15.78) μ Gy/h, up to 75 μGy/h. Before and after the transformation Compared difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01); The number of high pressure test operation workers of leukopenia is significantly higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The average annual effective dose of protective high voltage testing personals were 1.25 mSv/a before modification. Compared with industrial inspection personnel, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01), The average annual effective dose of the personal was 0.57 mSv/a after the protection transformation there was no statistically significant difference compared with industrial inspection personnel (P > 0.05). Conclusion X-ray associated with vacuum arcing chamber pressure test is severe occupational-disease-inductive factors. Management must be included in the radiation work site.
  • Study of the DHEA Protective Effect on DNA Damage Induced by Radiation in Mice
    ZHANG Li-juan, MA Rui, WANG Yue-ying, LIU Qiang, LU Lu, ZHANG Jun-ling, MENG Ai-min, LI De-guan
    2015, 24(5): 457-459. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.05.003
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    Objective To investigate the protective effects of the DHEA (17 a α-D-homo ethynycl dstradid-3-accetale) on DNA damage in mice lead by radiation. Methods IRM-2 inbred mice injected with DHEA consecutively three times 3d、2d、1d before irradiation. Neutral single cell gel electrophoresis was used, and DNA double strand breaks of the mouse lymphocytes were detected after 2 Gy gamma ray irradiation. Results The index illustrated by comet tail DNA content (TDNA%), comet tail length(TL),tail moment(TM) and Olive tail moment (OTM) in DHEA groups with low, middle and high doses, ethinyl estradiol (EE2) group and Neal estradiol (523) group were significantly lower than those of the control group. There was statistically significant difference compared with the control group (P < 0.01). The index demonstrated by TDNA, TL, TM and OTM in the DHEA middle dose group was significantly lower than that of EE2 and the 523 groups. And there were significant differences compared with the 523 and EE2 groups (P < 0.01). Conclusion DHEA can significantly reduce the lymphocyte DNA double strand breaks and has obvious protective effect on mice DNA damage caused by radiation.
  • Radiation Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus
    FENG Shuang, XU Sheng, WANG Hao, YU Wei, LU Yan, MENG Yan
    2015, 24(5): 460-462. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.05.004
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    Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of stereotactic conformal radiotherapy combined with transhepatic arterial chemotherapy and embolization (TACE) in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) and the value of its application. Methods From August 2012 to August 2014, 37 patients of HCC with PVTT underwent stereotactic conformal radiotherapy combined with TACE, compared with 45 patients only accepted TACE. The remission rate, 1 year survival rate and overall survival time were analyzed in this study between two groups. Results The stereotactic conformal radiotherapy and TACE can control tumor cells proliferation and the growth of tumor more effectively (59.45% vs. 31.11%, P < 0.05), improve the 1 year survival rate more significantly(29.73% vs. 8.89%, P < 0.05) than, that of the TACE group. Conclusion Stereotactic conformal radiotherapy combined with TACE therapy is an effective method for treatment of HCC with PVTT. It can improve the prognosis and prolong the overall survival time.
  • Overview of the Radiation Protection Optimization of Nuclear Facilities
    GUO Ze-qin, ZHANG Wei-jun, CAO Lei, QIAO Juan, WANG Feng, CUI Xi-yong, QIU Yu-tong, WANG Zhi-chao, SUN Wei
    2015, 24(5): 469-471. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.05.007
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    Objective To discuss the general principle of the radiation protection optimization of nuclear facilities, control occupational and public exposure levels and improve the management of occupational health from the perspective of optimization of occupational disease prevention and engineering design. Methods We compared the international and domestic current implementation of technical standards and specifications, and also analyzed some key issues existed in the design of nuclear facility protection including analyzing the principles and basis of radiation protection facility design, the radiation protection optimization design and quality control. Results Illustrated by the case of a simple shielding of the radiation protection optimization design, we gave an application method based on the principle of cost benefit analysis, and discussed the radiation protection optimization and quality control in detail. Conclusion When controlling the radiation levels of nuclear facilities in terms of "Basic standards for protection against ionizing radiation and for the safety of radiation sources"(GB 18871-2002), the radiation protection optimization principle was adopted, which could improve the integrity and effectiveness of the radiation protection facilities and engineering as well as the efficiency of protection.
  • Backscatter Dose Distribution of Narrow X-γ Rays Shooting Mode
    SONG Zhuo-ren, LIU Yue-zhou
    2015, 24(5): 480-483. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.05.011
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    Objective Using narrow X-γ ray shooting model to analyse backscatter dose distribution. Methods Simulate the backscatter dose distribution in multiple condition by Compton scattering model and monte carlo program MCNP4C. Results The minimum value of backscatter dose is close to ±90°, the maximum value appeared in somewhere close to 0°, and with the increase of radiation energy the value tends to 0°. Conclusion People should be on the vertical beam direction for evacuation or hiding in X-γ ray defect detecting on-the-spot.
  • The Control Effect Evaluation of Radiological Protection of a DR Room
    XU Li, JIA Xiao-jun, ZHENG Li-xian
    2015, 24(5): 484-486. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.05.013
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    Objective To make the control effect evaluation of a digital X-ray photography (DR) room in a hospital construction projects on the radioactive occupational-disease-inductive factors of occupational disease hazard of radiological protection. Methods To be carried out on the basis of the national relative radiation sanitation standard. Results The performance of the DR machine and the shielding protection all conform to the requirements of relevant national standard, but there are still some problems among which:radiation staff was not trained in a timely manner in accordance with stipulations. Conclusion This project can follow the relevant state laws, regulations, rules, standards and specification requirements. Its radiation equipment ionizing radiation hazard protective facilities and protective measures are feasible, effective and meet the requirements. It can effectively reduce the ionizing radiation harm to workers and the public. The project of radioactive hazard prevention facilities conditions meet the requirements of the completion acceptance.
  • Research on Radiation Field Dosage Distribution of 60Co Treatment Room
    XV Xiao, HA Ri-ba-la, GE Ri-le-man-da-hu, WANG Hai-ling, WANG Cheng-guo
    2015, 24(5): 491-493. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.05.016
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    Objective To provide the basic data for design of radiation shielding and quality control of radiation treatment equipment, establish the estimation method for γ-radiation field and investigate,the radiation field dosage distribution of 60Co treatment room has been investigated,where there is a 60Co Tele-therapy equipment with photon flux. Methods The dose distribution of γ-radiation field has been measured using thermoluminescence dosimetry under 60Co equipment normal operation condition. Results At the same height plane,each of dose distribution with 2π range at the identical distance from central axis is consistent with relative standard deviation of measured values and average values being less than 3.9%, the dose values at different direction go down exponentially with increasing distance from central axis. At the different height plane, the doses on the ground are highest,and the dose values are uniformly distributed at the space 3 m above the ground. Conclusion It is feasible and effective that the dosage distribution of medicine 60Co Tele-therapy equipment can be measured using thermoluminescence dosimetry method. The function for the description of radiometric quantity derivate by the experimental data can be used for design of radiation protection.
  • Gamma Radiation Levels in Terrestrial Environment and Resultant Population Dose Before Operation of Fuqing Nuclear Power Plant
    LIU Xiang-quan, ZHANG Xiao-yang, WU Jing-ying, HONG Hui-min
    2015, 24(5): 520-521. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.05.029
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    Objective To investigate the gamma radiation levels in terrestrial environment and the resultant population dose before going into operation of Fuqing nuclear power plant and estimate the exposure dose of residents. Methods According to "Norm for the measurement of environmental terrestrial gamma-radiation dose rate (GB/T 14583-93)" and "Technical criteria for radiation environmental monitoring (HJ/T 61-2001)",Seventeen places were selected by GPS locator as the monitoring sites, the γ radiation level in terrestrial environment was measured by Radalert 100 Nuclear radiation detector,the exposure dose of residents was estimated. Results In the 17 monitoring places around nuclear power plant, The range of environmental gamma radiation air kerma rates in living room was 96~238 nGy/h,the average was 191 nGy/h. The range of environmental gamma radiation air kerma rates outdoor was 73~177 nGy/h and the average was 144 nGy/h. The per capita average annual effective dose equivalent made by natural γ radiation indoor and outdoor was 1113.6 μSv and the collective annual effective dose equivalent was 1375.1 man·Sv. Conclusion The radiation dose level around Fuqing nuclear power plant belongs to the normal natural background radiation level in Fujian province.
  • Reviewing and Thinking on the Construction of Nuclear and Radiation Treatment Base in Shanghai
    CHEN Shan-hao, XV Xiao-hua, TU Yu
    2015, 24(5): 525-528. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.05.031
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    Objective To make retrospective analysis on the construction of Shanghai Nuclear and Radiation Treatment Base, and give further suggestion for improvement. Methods With the methods of literature analysis and on-site investigation, combining the suggestion of the experts, we had analyzed the construction process of Shanghai Nuclear and Radiation Treatment Base. Results Shanghai Nuclear and Radiation Treatment Base has established the primary model in terms of organization, planning, equipment and construction, training and drill, etc. while in terms of military and civil combination, information system, etc. we still have something more to do. Conclusion Shanghai Nuclear and Radiation Treatment Base has got the primary ability to cope with the medical treatment task in Nuclear and Radiation emergences, and we need to increase the finance input.
  • Results Analysis of Radionuclides γ-energy Spectrum Analysis in the National Quality Control Intercomparison in 2014
    ZHAO Xin-Chun, Feng Lan-Ying, Qin Zhing-Ying, XIE-Ping
    2015, 24(5): 544-546. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.05.038
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    Objective To analyze the national quality control intercomparison of radionuclides γ-energy spectrum analysis in 2014 and verify the reliability of the analysis method of radioactive nuclide. Methods Based on the national standard, we analyzeds the content of radionuclide such as 208Tl、137Cs、228Ac and 40K by using γ spectrometry. Results The deviation between our measured value and the calibration value provided by the organizer is lower than 10%. Both the accuracy and the precision of each radionuclide comparison results meet the requirements; the determination result is "qualified". Conclusion It has proved that the quality guarantee system and quality control technology of our γ-spectrum system are perfected and effective up to now,the measurement method、analysis method and data processing method are reliable.
  • The Value of DCE-MRI for Patients with BI-RADS Category 4 Microcalcifications Detected by Mammography
    LI Yun, DENG Da-Ping
    2015, 24(5): 558-560. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.05.044
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    Objective To select 56 patients with BI-RADS category 4 microcalcifications detected by mammography,by analyzing the mammography and MRI findings,evaluate the diagnostic performance of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI,and investigate the value in diagnosing and treatment. Methods Collecting 56 patients with BI-RADS category 4 microcalcificationsi detected by mammography,DCE-MRI were underwent before biopsy. Using pathological diagnosis as reference standards, retrospectively analyzed the mammography and MRI findings according to ACR BI-RADS and characterize the correlation mammography and MRI with histopathology. Results Among 56 patients with BI-RADS category 4 microcalcifications detected by mammography, In BI-RADS 4 A lesions, MRI is more like focus enhancement and non-enhancement; In BI-RADS 4 B and 4 C lesions, MRI is more like mass enhancement and no mass enhancement samples. MRI enhanced mode and the morphology and distribution of microcalcifications in mammography are statistically significant difference. Conclusion Suspicious microcalcifications can not be diagnosed by mammography,but combined with MRI would be helpful to differentiation of malignant lesions from benign ones. Also it has great value in diagnosing and treatment.
  • Lower-Dose Whole Brain Perfusion and 4D Dynamic DSA Applications Utilized by 320-Section Area Detector CT (320-ADCT) with State-of-the-art Adaptive Iterative Reconstruction Algorithm
    LIU Yong-qi, LIANG Jia-Hao, CHEN Chao-hong, YE Zhi-sheng, ZHONG Zheng-guo, YANG Guang-ming
    2015, 24(5): 561-565. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.05.045
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    Objective To evaluate 4-dimensional (4D) cerebral vessels and whole brain perfusion with lower-dose imaging protocol utilized by 320-row area detector CT (320-ADCT) and adaptive iterative reconstruction algorithm for distinguishing brain diseases more accurately and reducing more radiation risk. Methods 13 volume scans with the rotation speed of 0.75 sec/r, tube voltage of 80~120 kV, tube current of 120~280 mA, innovative iterative reconstruction algorithm for de-noising, and 16cm z-axis scan coverage were executed in this study. 2-second and 7-second lower-dose intermittent exposure shots were performed to catch arterial and venous flow in the first 25 seconds and in the other 35 seconds, respectively; while high quality protocols performed in the first and last shots were designed for pre-and post-contrast enhancement. Results It revealed that the system could provide not only excellent brain perfusion analysis but also 4D DSA application with AVM and aneurysm avoiding from the suffering to patients and the risk of invasive conventional angiography. Conclusion It has a good potential to add the low-dose brain perfusion examination to one of the routine checkup items for early finding of brain diseases in the near future.
  • Value of Three-Low Technique Combined Saline in CTA of the Head and Neck
    WANG Xue-ting, FENG Li, PAN Wei-ling, Chen Li-li, Wang Tao
    2015, 24(5): 574-576. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.05.050
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    Objective To investigate the value of three-low technique(low tube voltage. low-dose and low-concentration contrast) combined saline in 256-slice CTA of the head and neck,which can reduce radiation dosage and adverse effect of contrast. Methods 120 cases examined by CTA in the head and neck were divided into 3 groups:Group A scanning parameters:120 kV and amout of contrast agent:350 mgI/L,60 ml; Group B scanning parameters:120 kV and amout of contrast agent:320 mgI/L,50 ml; Group C scanning parameters:100kV and amout of contrast agent:300 mgI/L 40 ml; The rate was 4.5 ml/s,with bolus trigger technique. The threshold was 110 HU; 40 mL saline was injected in the same rate after injecting contrast. Imaging postprocessing techniques include VR, MIP, CPR, MPR; Measure CT values of the different level of Carotid arteries; observe the artifact of the remaining contrast in the subclavian vein and brachiocephalic vein,and record radiation dosage of patients. Results All CT values of the contrast in Carotid arteries were more than 240 HU. There was no statistical difference among three groups. All images could meet the diagnostic requirements. The artifact of the remaining contrast in the three groups,the image quality of group C was better than those of group A and group B. The radiation dosage reduced to 12.83~13.12%. Conclusion Application of the low tube voltage. low-dose and low-concentration contrast combined saline in 256-slice CTA of the head and neck was feasible. It is not only improve the image quality,reduce radiation dosage and amout of contrast, but also meet the diagnostic requirements.