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  • 28 September 2008 Volume 17 Issue 3
      
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  • Study on the Non-target Effect of Ionizing Radiation Using Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis
    WANG Yan, LI De-guan, LIU Jian-feng, et al
    2008, 17(3): 257-258. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2008.03.067
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    Objective To assess the non-target effect of ionizing radiation by single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE).Methods Cross incubated the irradiated (137Cs;2Gy) or non-irradiated lymphocytes of human peripheral blood in the irradiated or non-irradiated plasma respectively, then, assess the DNA damage of lymphocytes using SCGE analysis.Results The lymphotytes incubated in the irradiated plasma presented more obvious DNA damage than the incubated in the non-irradiated plasma dose (P<0.05).Conclusion The non-target effect of ionizing radiation can be assessed by SCGE, and the results confirm that cytokines may play a great role in it.
  • Intercomparison of Radiation Biodosimetry in China,2007
    RUAN Jian-lei, LU Xue, CHEN De-qing, et al
    2008, 17(3): 259-261. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2008.03.009
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    Objective To explore the status quo of radiation biodosimetry work in China, and work out the measurements to improve the national capability of radiation biodosimetry.Methods Two different chromosome slides, which were irradiated and prepared in the same lab, were sent to 13 radiation biodosimetry labs.Unstable chromosome aberrations (dicentrics and centric ring, CA) were analyzed blindly in 200 and 400 cells for each slide.The absorbed doses of the two slides were also estimated for 7 labs.Results The difference of CA on same slide between in 200 cells and in 400 cells in each lab was not significant (P>0.05), but significant for different labs (P<0.05).The CAs scored by different individuals differ significantly (P<0.05).The observed CA in most of labs was in 95% confidence interval of total CA average.Compared with the 95% confidence interval of total average dose, the estimated doses in most labs were higher.Conclusion In order to improve the national capability in radio-biodosimetry and make full use of the national resources during nuclear emergency, effective corresponding measurements should be taken.
  • The Impact of the Expression of Protein HIF-1α and p53 in Hep-2 Human Laryngeal Cancer Cell Induced by 60Coγ-ray in the Condition of Reoxygenation after Hypoxiaon
    WANG Bao-shan, LIU Yan-mei, SONG Dong-mei, et al
    2008, 17(3): 261-263. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2008.03.057
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    Objective To simulate the microenvironment of cancer cell in vivo, establish models of Hep-2 laryngeal cancer cell line of different oxygen supplying, and to investigate the impact of reoxygenation after hypoxia on 60Coγ-ray induced apoptosis in Hep-2 human laryngeal cancer cell line.Methods Human laryngeal cancer cell line Hep-2 was diviced into 3 groups:group A (normoxia), group B (hypoxia), group C (reoxygenation after hypoxia).HIF-1α mRNA level was determined by RT-PCR.Flow cytometry (FCM)was used to measure the protein level of HIF-1α and p53 and to detect cell apoptosis.The protein level of HIF-1α and p53 was also determined by immunohistochemistry.Results Hypoxia evidently increased the mRNA and protein level of HIF-1α in Hep-2 cell, at the same time increased the protein level of p53, after reoxygenation the mRNA and protein level of HIF-1α become lower, and dose protein level of p53.Compared with group B, the apoptosis rate of group C become higher and show a visible difference (P<0.05).Conclution Hypoxia decreased the effect of 60Coγ-ray on inducing apoptosis in Hep-2 human laryngeal cancer cell line.After reoxygenation the effect was obviously improved.But at this time, the protein level of p53 did not show high expression, indicating that the high apoptosis induced by 60Coγ-ray in the condition of reoxygenation after hypoxiaon were related to some other factor except p53.
  • Research on the Evaluating Method on the Internal Dose of Uranium under Circumstances of Inhalation
    SHANG Ai-guo, ZHANG Wen-feng, QIN Jin, et al
    2008, 17(3): 264-266. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2008.03.010
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    Objective To evaluate workers' internal dose of uranium.Methods The dose coefficient method of ICRP is adopted in this paper.According to the Biokinetic Model about the radionuclide described in ICRP66、78 and metabolizing rules of uranium in body, mathematical and analytic mode is built.The program built by MATLAB calculates the uranium contents of lung and biologic samples under circumstances of inhalation.Results The result is consistent with the data in ICRP 78.Conclusion The method model can be used easily and exactly to evaluate internal dose of uranium.
  • Effect of Eucheuma Gelatinae Polysaccharide on Cycle of Cell in γ-rays Irradinated Mice
    WU Xian-jing, MENG Qing-yong, OU Chao-wei
    2008, 17(3): 267-268. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2008.03.052
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    Objective To study the effect of γ-irradiation on cycle of cell in mice and the radioprotective effect of Eucheuma gelatinae polysaccharide (EGP) in term of cellular level.Methods The mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, the normal group, the model group and 3 EGP treatment groups.EGP of three different doses was applied to different groups respectively for 10 days before whole body irradiation with γ-rays (2.0Gy).The percentage of cell cycle were tested by flowcytometry after 20h.Results the percentages of thmocytes, splenocytes and bone marrow cells increased markedly in G0/G1 phase (P<0.01), while the percentage decreased in s and (M+G2) phase (P<0.01), compared with normal group afterγ-rays (2.0Gy).EGP raised S、G2+M phase in the irradiated mice compared with single irradiated group (P<0.05 and P<0.01).Conclusion EGP play certain role in the protection from cell radiation injury.
  • Experiment of Radioprotective Early Radiation Damage of Sarcandra Glabra on Salivary Gland: Observe the Tissue Morphology following fractionated Radiation on Head-neck Region in Guinea-pig Models
    QIN Jian, TENG Jia-an, WANG Ren-sheng, et al
    2008, 17(3): 269-271. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2008.03.068
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    Objective To investigate the ability of Sarcandra glabra extracts to ameliorate the early radiation damage on salivary gland in guinea-gig models, to promote the gland recovery as continued administration after radiation, as well as analyzed the possible mechanism.Methods 50 guinea-pigs were randomly divided into normal control group, radiation control group (radio-control) and medicine radiation group (med-group).In the last 2 groups, A、B observation groups were set up at total dose 50Gy and 60 days after 50Gy, respectively.Gamma rays and fractionated radiation delivered to head-neck region were applied, and Sarcandra glabra extracts and 0.9% normal sodium were administered to them respectively.Body weight, parotid gland weight, histopathologic change, remaining gland areas and inflammatory cell counts were observed.Results The body weight of 2 radiation groups grew by different speed after weight loss in the initial stage of radiation.Med-group performed better in body weight, histomorphology and remaining gland areas, when compared to radio-control.Parotid gland atrophy and interstitial fibrosis occurred to some extent after radiation.The gland weight of group B were higher than that groups A and normal-control group, med-group B was the highest one (P<0.05).The postradiation remaining gland areas declined in varying degrees.It enlarged in med-group B than in med-group A (P<0.05) while there was no change between 2 radio-control groups (P>0.05).The inflammatory cell counts of radio-control was higher than that of the other groups (P<0.05).No differences were observed between med-groups and normal control group (P>0.05).Conclusion Sarcandra glabra extracts can protect early damage induced by radiation on parotid gland in guine-pig models, and help gland recover as continued administration after radiation ended.Alleviating the inflammatory reaction induced by radiation may be one of the mechanisms of radioprotection.
  • The Research about the Output Dose Rate Changed with the Size of Electron Beam Fields
    SHEN Guo-hui, ZHANG Shu-xu, WU Shao-kun, et al
    2008, 17(3): 272-273. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2008.03.058
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    Objective To investigate the relationship between the output dose and the blocked field size of electron beam.Methods The output dose of different energy and electron beam applicator and blocked fields size of electron beam created were measured with 2D air vented ionization chamber array MatriXX system under a clinac accelerator Primus (Siemens Medical Solution USA, Inc), and the measured data were fitted into a mathematic function with Matlab software and the curves of output dose factor were plotted.Results If the blocked field sizes were greater than 6cm×6cm, the change of the output dose of it was less than 3% among the different size fields, if the blocked fields were between 2cm×2cm and 5cm×5cm, the output doses were changed obviously according to the fields size, the maximum change could nearly reach to 30%.Conclusion The relationship between output factor of different energy electron beam field and blocked field sizes could be described with the function y=a+k1·emx+k2·e-mx.
  • Effect of Different Dose Radiation on Nasal Mucosa and Changes of IL-1,IL-6,TNF-α in the Serum of the Guinea Pig
    Liu Yue-hui, Liu Jian-yu
    2008, 17(3): 274-277. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2008.03.065
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    Objective To study histopathologic changes in nasal mucosa and concentration of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α in serum of guinea pigs following different dose irradiation.Methods A total 0f 125 healthy guinea pigs were divided into the control group and 9Gy、15Gy、21Gy、30Gy irradiation groups randomly, 25 guinea pigs for each group.5 animals per one group were sacrificed randomly at 1 week, 1month and 2, 3, 4 months after irradiation, their middle nasal turbinate mucosa were observed under optical microscope and electron microscope, and were analysed by image analysis for histopathological transformation.At the same time, the concentration of IL-1I、L-6 and TNF-α in the serum were measured by ELISA.Results In the irradiation group, the early histopathologic transformation was acute inflammatory reaction, at the first month the mucosa began to repair, but after the repairment, some parts of the repaired mucosa were lined with squamous epithelium instead of the normal nasal mucosa, and the greater the dose, the more severe the damage.Irradiation caused an apparent increase of IL-1I、L-6、TNF-α, but the extent of increase was not found significantly correlated with the dose of irradiation.Conclusion The nasal mucosa injury and the squamous metaplasia could form a pathological basis of dysfunction after irradiation, and IL-1、L-6、TNF-α may be important cytokines which contribute to pathogenesis of irradiation injuries.
  • Effects of Ionizing Radiation with Different Dose in P-gp Expression of Colorectal Carcinoma HCT-8 Cells
    MA Lin, LI Xiao-feng, ZHOU Huai-li, et al
    2008, 17(3): 277-278. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2008.03.059
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    Objective To detect the method of reversing tumor multidrug resistance, and study the expression of colorectal carcinoma MDR1 genetic expression product P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in irradiated HCT-8 cells of with different dose ionizing radiation.Methods Flow cytometry was used to detect the change of P-gp.Results positive cells percentage of P-gp increase obviously (P<0.01) after irradiated with 2Gy.When pre-irradiated with low dose (0.05Gy, 0.1Gy), then irradiated with high dose, positive cell percentage of P-gp increase obviously (P<0.05), and so dose the positive cell percentage of P-gp (P<0.01) in the group of 0.2Gy+2Gy.Compared with the group of 2Gy, positive cell percentage of P-gp decreases obviously (P<0.05) in the group of 0.1Gy+2Gy.Couclusion low dose ionizing radiation can reverse radiogenic tumor multidrug resistance with high dose.
  • Effects of the E838 on the leucopenia model induced by Cyclophosphamide
    WANG Yue-ying, WU Hong-ying, LI De-guan, et al
    2008, 17(3): 279-280. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2008.03.079
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    Objective To investigate the impact of E838 on cyclophosphamide-induced IRM-2 mice's leukopenia and the hematopoietic function of the mice.Methods There are control group, the low、middle and high dose E838 group, and the positive control group of madder diacrylate.Administering the drug for 5 days, CY was injected on the third day for 3 days.We observed changes in peripheral blood leukocytes, bone marrow nucleated cells, endogenous spleen nodule formation (CFU-S), spleen and thymus index.Results The number of peripheral blood leukocytes and bone marrow nucleated cells in each group of E838 significantly increased compared with the control group.In the middle and high dose group, there was significant statistically difference (P<0.01).Compared with the control group, CFU-S group was significantly difference (P<0.01).Thymus and spleen index in each group of E838 were higher than in the control group, spleen index in high dose group had significant differences (P<0.05).Conclusion E838 could improve immune function significantly, stimulate the hematopoietic function of bone marrow and increase the number of mice WBC significantly.
  • Estimation of effective dose to children from CT scanning
    YANG Ke, LI Fu-sheng, YU Xi-rong, et al
    2008, 17(3): 280-282. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2008.03.011
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    Objective To estimate effective dose (E) to children from CT scanning for the evaluation of its radiation risk.Methods Effective doses of different parts of body on Children CT Scanning are calculated through DLP, by measuring the CT Dose Index (CTDI) first, then obtaining the Dose-Length-Product (DLP), finally making use of linear relationship between DLP and E, and normalized conversion coefficients from children compared to adults.Results The effective dose from pediatric CT scanning reaches the annual natural background radiation level.Conclusion The effective dose is limited to the evaluation of radiation risk to children from CT scanning.
  • Effects on Motor Learning and Pathological Histology in Rabbit Cerebellum by Electromagnetic Irradiation
    LIU Yong, CHENG Xu-hao, HUANG Wei-chu, et al
    2008, 17(3): 282-283. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2008.03.001
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    Objective To investigate the effects of electromagnetic irradiation on motor learning and pathological histology in rabbit cerebellum.Methods To train rabbits for seven days to form eye blink conditioning, and then rabbits were divided randomly into control and electromagnetic irradiation group (including 0 hour, 3 hours, 24 hours and 72 hours subgroups after irradiation), rabbits were given 90 mW/cm2 electromagnetic irradiation for 30 minutes, rectal temperature were detected immediately after irradiation and specific absorbtion rate (SAR) value were calculated, eye blink conditioning were detected immediately after irradiation, cerebellar pathological histology were detected with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) stain.Results Rectal temperature of rabbits increased 2.98℃ after electromagnetic irradiation, SAR value is 5.75 Kcal/kg, eye blink conditioning decreased significantly after irradiation, the changes of cerebellar pathological histology were party of purkinje cells depauperate and granule cells arranged disorderly.Conclusion After 90 mW/cm2 electromagnetic irradiation for 30 min, heating effect occured obviously in the rabbits and their cerebellum motor learning and pathological histology were endamagered seriously.
  • Observation on the Effects of Occupation Exposure by Microwave on Immunological Function of Rat
    GUO Yan, YU Zheng-Ping, ZHANG Wei, et al
    2008, 17(3): 284-286. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2008.03.085
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    Objective To investigate the effects of occupation exposure to microwave (5W/cm2) on natural and acquired immunological function of rat.Methods The healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, control group of immune, irradiation group and the irradiation group of immune.Rats were exposed to microwave (5W/cm2) one hour per day.Rats of immune group were immune with sheep red blood cells.Phagocytes function of macrophage cells、the quantitative hemolysis spectrophotometry (QSH)、activity of total complement、sum of lymphocytes、serum IgG were determined.Results 1、Natural immunological function:compared with control group, phagocytes' function was activated in irradiation groups and was repressed significantly (P<0.05) in immune irradiation group.The activity of total complement was increased significantly (P<0.05) in both groups.2、Acquired immunological function:compared with control group, the amount of antibody producing cells were repressed significant (P<0.05) in both groups.The serum IgG of immunity decreased significant (P<0.05).The sum of lymphocytes of both groups remained unchanged.Conclusion Occupation exposure to microwave impaired the natural immunological function and acquired immunological function of rats.