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  • 28 September 2006 Volume 15 Issue 3
      
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  • Effects of Ionizing-radiation to the Expressions of bFGF and BDNF and the Protective and Repaired Functions of Melatonin in the Forebrain of Rat
    DI Rong-ke, XU Jin, ZHOU Zhi-qiang, et al
    2006, 15(3): 257-259. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.03.001
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    Objective To investigate the expressions of bFGF and BDNF induced with ionizing-radiation and the effects of melatonin to the expressions of bFGF and BDNF in the rat cerebral cortex and subependymal ventrical zone (SVZ) and discuss the protective function and repaired mechanism of melatonin to brain during Radiational nervous damage.Methods 60 SD rats were used in this experiment, which were divided into three groups:blanck control group, radiation control group, and treatment groups.Injections of melatonin were given into the abdomen of the rats in the treatment group in three doses of 1, 5, and 10mg·kg-1 one time each day, in total of 10 days.Then, the radiation control and treatment groups were X-rayed a dose of 600 cGy.All of rat brains were cut up in coronal sections continuously, which were stained with bFGF and BDNF in immunohistochemical ABC method.The positive cells stained with bFGF and BDNF were observed and counted under the light microscope with computed program.Results bFGF and BDNF are expressed weakly in cerebral cortex and subependymal ventrical zone of the normal rats.One day after radiation, the expressions of bFGF and BDNF are increasing, but weaking 5 days after radiation in cerebral cortex;then, one day after radiation, the expressions of bFGF and BDNF are less increasing, but more increasing 5 days after radiation in the subependymal ventrical zone cells.When the rats were treated by the melatonin in advance, the expressions of bFGF and BDNF are increasing continuously (more than 50%) and accompanying with the dose of melatonin.The cells of proliferation, differentiation, and migration can be observed in the subependymal ventrical zone (from 1-2 layers to 3-5 layers).Conclution Radiational nervous damage can induce the expressions of bFGF and BDNF in the cerebral cortex and subependymal ventrical zone, which are more increasing when stimulated with melatonin.It is shown that melatonin has the functions to protect the cerebral cortex by the expressing of bFGF and BDNF and promote the proliferation, differentiation, and migration of cells in the subependymal ventrical zone.
  • Study on the Radiological Level of Underground Coal Mine in Anhui and Jiangsu
    ZHANG Hong, WANG Hong-hai, LIANG Bo, et al
    2006, 15(3): 260-262. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.03.002
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    Objective To find out the radiological level of underground coal mine in Anhui and Jiangsu.Methods The radon was measured by instantaneous and short-term accumulation (passive activated absorption) methods.Meanwhile, gamma radiological dose rate was measured directly or by thermoluminescence dosimeter, furthermore, the coal and waste rock were sampled for additional analyses.Results The investigation results of 4 typical underground coal mines indicate that, radon concentration is between 6.6 and 102.3Bq/m3, γradiological dose rate between9×10-8 and 24×10-8 Gy/h, and the content of 238U, 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in coal and waste rock are 74.6 to 135.6Bq/kg, 55.8 to 98.3Bq/kg, 18.4 to 112.8Bq/kg, and 41.6 to 544.3Bq/kg respectively.The effective dose received by coal miners is estimated to be 0.22 to 1.05mSv/a, in which 0.04 to 0.57mSv/a is from radon and its progeny, the rest is from γ radiation, the collective dose is 9.17 person·Sv per thousand tonne coal.Conclusion The radiological exposure of underground coal miners is worth to be paid attention.
  • Evaluation of Radon and Radioactivity Level in Phosphorite Area in Guizhou
    LI Zhou, YANG Zhong, WEI Tao, et al
    2006, 15(3): 262-263. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.03.003
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    Objective To Study and assess atmospheric radon and radioactive levels in one of phosphorite area in Guizhou province.Methods To monitor and analyze the external irradiation level, atmospheric radon, nuclide levels, and water total radioactivity on the spot and in the laboratory.Results External irradiation level is 7~18×10-8Gy/h, the mean value is 12×10-8Gy/h, atmospheric radon concentration is 105~246Bq/m3, ore 226Ra nuclide levels are between 156.7~372.3Bq/kg, the mean value is 222.6Bq/kg.the maximum total radioactivity levels of mine water are total α=0.175Bq/L and total β=0.374Bq/L.the total radioactivity levels of drinking water is not more than total α=0.0327Bq/L, total β=0.174Bq/L.Conclusion Radioactivity levels accord with the relevant national standards.There were remarkable correlation in the total radioactivity levels of mine water and drinking water.The radon concentration in well air is not up to the point of reach intervention level.
  • Influence of Environmental Exposure to Cadmium on Placental Tissue Structure and Metallothionein Expression
    ZHAO Yong-cheng, SUN Yong, YU Min, et al
    2006, 15(3): 264-266. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.03.004
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    Objective To investigate the Significance of Metallothionein Expression in the Placental of Population Environmental Exposed to Cadmium.Methoks Pregnant women were chosen from one city of Hubei province from November 2002 to April 2003.Whole blood of the pregnant women, umbilical cord blood of neonates and placenta were collected and cadmium levels were determined by inductively coupled plasma emission mass spectroscopy.Immunohistochemistry staining and S-P method were used to observe the expression of theMT in placental tissue from 120 cases of human term placenta to analyze the potential association between MT and placental cadmium or umbilical cord blood cadmium in the pregnant women of environmental exposure to cadmium.Results Maternal blood cadmium in 120 healthy pregnant women flucatuced from 0.27 to 13.00 μg/L and placental flucatualed from 0.033 to 1.69 μg/g dry weight.Cord blood cadmium flucatuced from 0.13 to 2.69 μg/L, all of which were lower than those significantlg in maternal blood.Statistics analysis showed that the placental histopathologicd change in the different MT expression group differs significantly.Loglinear models analysis showed that the placental tissue change was probably associated with MT and maternal blood cadmium interaction.Conclusion Results show that, cadmium exposure influences the structural changes in the placenta, and induces the of MT expression in placental tissue.Placental adaptability reaction was strengthened by MT, thus mitigating the trauma of the placental tissue.
  • Effects of Low Dose Radiation Combined with Cyclophosphamide on DNA Damage of Tumor-bearing Mice
    ZHANG Hong-dan, WANG Xin-zhuo, LI Jin, et al
    2006, 15(3): 267-269. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.03.005
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    Objective To investigate the effects of low dose radiation combined with Cyclophosphamide on DNA damage of peripheral blood lymphocytes of tumor-bearing mice.Methods Neutral single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) was used to detect the effects of low dose radiation combined with Cyclophosphamide on DNA double strand breaks of peripheral blood lymphocytes of tumor-bearing mice, which were divided into three groups:control group, CTX group (40 mg/kg) and LDR+CTX group.Low dose radiation (5cGy) was delivered 6h before chemotherapy for three days.We observed the changes of tail length, comet length, percent head DNA, percent tail DNA, tail moment and Olive tail moment.Results The amount of tail length, percent tail DNA, tail moment and Olive tail moment in low dose radiation combined with Cyclophosphamide group were significantly lower than those of Cyclophosphamide group (P <0.05).Conclusion Low dose radiation delivered before Cyclophosphamide can reduce DNA damage of peripheral blood lymphocytes of tumor-bearing mice.
  • Studies on the Influence of High PowerMicrowave Radiation on Energy Metablism of Brain in Rats
    WANG Li-feng, PENG Rui-yun, HU Xiang-jun, et al
    2006, 15(3): 269-271. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.03.006
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    Objective To investigate the effect of high power microwave (HPM) radiation on energy metablism of brains in Wistar rats.Methods 120 Wistar rats were exposed to HPM of which the average power densities were respectively 3, 10, 30 and 100mW/cm2.Toluidine blue staining, method of Wachstein-Meisel's magnesium activing enzyme, method of Nachlas's nitroblue tetrazolium and electron telescope were used to study the change of Nissel body, adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), and ultrastructure of cerebral cortex, hippocampus and thalamencephalon.Results 3~100mW/cm2 HPM radiation caused the decrease, even the disappearance of Nissel body of cerebral cortex, hippocampus and thalamencephalon in 6h~3d after radiation (P <0.01), and later they recovered gradually.It caused the increase of ATPase (P <0.01) and the decrease of SDH in 3 d after radiation.HPM also resulted in mitochondria swelling and breaking, even cavitation, and the distention and degranulation of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) by occurred.Conclusion 3~100 mW/cm2 HPM radiation can induce the disorder of energy metablism of brains, represented the decrease of Nissel body and SDH, injuries of ATPase, injuries of mitochondrion and rough endoplasmic reticulum.
  • Clinical Application of Low Radiation Dose Head CT Scans of Children
    PENG Ke-wen, SUN Bin, GU Zhi-mei, et al
    2006, 15(3): 272-274. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.03.007
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    Objective To study the appropriate parameters of low dose head CT scans of children and assess the feasibility by comparing the quality of images scaned with different dose.Methods The children who underwent the head CT scans were randomly divided into three groups.Images were achieved by the standard or two different low dose scans, which were reconed with different kernel values.The result was assessed by blind method.Results No marked statistical qualitative difference is noted among the images archieved by the standard or low dose scans reconed with the suitable kernel.Conclusion In the head scans of children, it is feasible to lower the radiation dose of CT, and reserve quality of images.
  • An Analysis Software of Tritium Distribution in Food and Environmental Water in China
    LI Wen-hong, Deng Gui-long, XU Cui-hua, et al
    2006, 15(3): 274-276. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.03.008
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    Objective The purpose of developing this analysis-software of tritium distribution in food and environmental water is to collect tritium monitoring data, to analyze the data, both automatically, statistically and graphically, and to study and share the data.Methods Based on the data obtained before, analysis-software is wrote by using VC++.NET as tool software.The software first transfers data from EXCEL into a database.It has additive function of data-append, so operators can embody new monitoring data easily.Results After turning the monitoring data saved as EXCEL file by original researchers into a database, people can easily access them.The software provides a tool of distributing-analysis of tritium.Conclusion This software is a first attempt of data-analysis about tritium level in food and environmental water in China.Data achieving, searching and analyzing become easily and directly with the software.
  • The Effect of Decreasing mAs on Image Qulity of the Newborn Brain
    REN Qing-yun, LI Jing-yu, DUAN Xue-yan
    2006, 15(3): 277-278. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.03.009
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    Objective To determine wheather a lower radiation dose technique could be used in CT of the newborn brain without jeopardising the diagnostic accuracy of the images.Methods A group of 24 newborn underwent CT using 260 mAs, 21under scanning at 225mAs, 35 underwent scanning at 100 mAs, Anatomy details and the confidence level in reaching a diagnosis were evaluated by two radiologists in a double-blinded manner using a 4-point scoring system.Results For both reader there was no statistically significant difference between three group total score of 1~6 anatomical detail and each of 6 anatomical detail although score for each of 6 anatomical detail in 260 mAs group and 225mAs group was a little higher than 100mAs group.Conclution Radiation dose reduction in newborn brain CT is feassible in clinical use.
  • The Investigation on Environmental Radioactivity of Coastal Regions in Fujian Province
    ZHAO Li, XU Cui-hua, ZHOU Qiang, et al
    2006, 15(3): 279-281. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.03.010
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    Objective To investigate the current environmental radioactivity level at 6 coastal cities, such as Fuzhou, Ningde, Zhangzhou etc.in Fujian Province, China.Methods The surface soil (0~5 cm), air particulates and water samples were collected at the sites and analyzed by HPGe gamma spectrometry.Gamma dose rates were also measured when we collected samples were collected.Then the environmental radioactivity level of the sites was abtained.Results The average radioactivity concentrations of 238U, 226Ra, 232Th and 40K are 58.0Bq·kg-1, 52.6Bq·kg-1, 80.9Bq·kg-1 and 914Bq·kg-1;the concentration of 137Cs is 1.72 Bq·kg-1 in the surface soil of these regions.The averaged gamma dose rate is 12.9×10-8Gy/h, about 11.1% higher than the previous investigated results.Conclusion The current radioactivity level of these regions is almost consistent with the previous investigated results.
  • Variation of Cytokines of lung macrophage in mice with GVHD
    HOU Le-zhi, RUI Qing-long, WANG Huai-ming, et al
    2006, 15(3): 282-283. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.03.012
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    Objective To detect the modulation of production of some cytokines of lung macrophage in mice after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.Methods IL-1β and TNFαlevels in macrophage culture supernatants were estimated by ELISA method.Results The extent of mixed lymphocyte reaction in vivo was higher in allogeneic but not in syngeneic BMT group.The peripheral blood WBC count and bone marrow CFU-GM colonies in allogeneic BMT group were lower than that in the syngeneic group.The secretion level of IL-1β or TNFα was higher in the allogeneic group than that in syngeneic group.Conclusion The results indicated that IL-1β and TNFα secretion play an important role in the GVHD reaction.
  • Study on Chromosome Aberrations Test determinated by Micro-whole Blood Culture in Vacuum Blood Collection Tube
    ZHONG Zhi-hong, HAN Fang-an, GE Qin-juan, et al
    2006, 15(3): 284-285. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.03.014
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    Objective To develop an easier and efficient method of culturing the chromosome and analyzing the aberrations in peripheral lymphocytes.Methods Micro whole was cultured for 54 hours in home-made vacuum blood collection tube, and then collection, slice-making, microscopy detection for the chromosome aberrations was done.The difference of the results was analysed by comparing with the common method.Results For 60 radiologists and 30 contrasts, the chromosome aberrations in peripheral lymphocytes were examed by this system, the lymphocytes and chromosome were clear and alive and easier to analyse.Compared with the common method, there was no significantly difference between the two analyzing results.Conclusion The chromosome aberrations test by micro whole blood culture in vacuum blood collection tube is easier and efficient, and is worthy of being widely popularized.