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  • 28 December 2006 Volume 15 Issue 4
      
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  • The Temporal and Spatial Variations of Radon Concentration
    TIAN Li-xia, GE Liang-quan, CHENG Feng, et al
    2006, 15(4): 385-387. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.04.001
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    Objective To analyze the temporal and spatial variations of radon concentration by measuring in some labs and typical buildings in Chengdu.Methods Long term and continuous measurement has been carried out with RAD7, by using electrostatic method to collect particle α.Results The minimum of radon concentration most occurs between 6:00~8:00 and 16:00~18:00, and between 9:00~11:00 and 19:00~21:00 is close to the of the day average;the radon concentration in spring and winter is higher than that in summer and autumn;the radon variations is similar with atmosphere pressure and humidity, while contrary with temperature;the concentration becomes lower with the increasing height.Conclusion We should avoid exposure to it during the periods of high radon concentration in our life and work, keep room ventilating, take measures to reduce radon concentration in lower floors, for the tall buidings.
  • The study of the E838 effect on the augment of radiation treatment in mouse inoculated S180 strain
    WANG Yue-ying, ZHANG Liang-an, WANG Ru-qing, et al
    2006, 15(4): 388-389. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.04.003
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    Objective To observe E838's activity of reatraining turmor growth in mouse and discuss the relative mechanism.Methods We used three different doses of E838 to restrain turmor growth in S180 mouse in one team and the other used 137Csγ together.Results In one team, the percent of the E838(dose:low to high) restraining turmor growth is respectively 49.52%、54.81%、53.85%, in the other is respectively 52.12%、59.62%、59.62%.Not only the turmor growth of the latter team is slow but the amount of BMNC is high Conclusion E838 can obviously restrain the turmor growth in s180 mouse and has the radiation augment effect.
  • Effects of Traditional ShengBaiYin on Immune and hematopoietic function of Leukopenia Animal Model in Mice
    LIAO Ze-yun, LI Yu-shan, JIANG Jin-lin, et al
    2006, 15(4): 390-392. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.04.004
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    Objective To study the effects of Shengbaiyin on functions of immune system and bone marrow in mice.Methods Models of leucocytopenia induced by irradiation were prepared by 60Coγ-ray and by cyclophosphamide injection.The shengbaiyin was administrated orally.The white blood cell (WBC) counts, reticulocyte count, the number of nucleated bone marrow cells (NNBMC), T cell transformation indices (TCTI), activity of tunmor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-6(IL-6) in blood of leukopenia mice on the 5th, 10th, 15st day after chymisty therapeutics were checked.Results WBC, reticulocyte count, NNBMC, TCTI be come down remarkablely, activity of TNF, IL-6 in blood were decreased obviously.These hematopoiesis indexes and the activity of TNF, IL-6 increased after oral administration of Shengbaiyin 40, 60, 80g kg.bw.Conclusion Shengbaiyin can significantly ameliorate immunological function and stimulate hematopoietic function in mice.
  • Cytotoxicity and radiosensititizing effect of 9401 in vitro
    GU Fei, LIU Xiao Qiu, HAN Ying, et al
    2006, 15(4): 392-393. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.04.005
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    Objective To investigate the cytotoxicity and radiosensitization of 9401 on Hela cells.Methods The cytotoxicity and radiosensitization of 9401 were investigated by using clongenic assay on Hela cells in vitro.Results The cytotoxicity of 9401 was in a dose-dependent manner.The 50% inhibition concentration of 9401 was 4.65 mg/ml.With 3 mg/ml 9401 exposed to Hela cells for 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours, the corresponding SERDO was 1.33, 1.5, 1.63 and 1.67;SERDq was 1.38, 1.89, 2.47 and 3.33;SERSF2 was 1.32, 1.82, 2.41 and 3.02.Conclusion The cytotoxicity of 9401 was in a dose-dependent manner.9401 has a radiosensititizing effect, and the radiosensitization is dependent on time.
  • The ecodisinfection technology of compound photocatalysical materials doped by semiconductors and its assessment for disinfection effect
    SUN Hua-bin, TANG Mu-tao, WANG Xiu-de et al
    2006, 15(4): 394-395,398. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.04.006
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    Objective To design and prepare the controlled photoexcited qusi-radiation material (for short:CPQM) with automatic disinfection.Methods The structures and properties of semiconductor oxides have been calculated by the method of quantum chemistry;The multiplicate semiconductor oxides have been designed and screened with the activity of photocatalysical oxidation in natural light, the CPQM has been prepared by adulterated in silicate using special technique, moreover, the disinfection effect has been assessed.Results The prepared CPQM has the function of automatic destruction of bacteria and viruses.Conxlusion It has been proved that CPQM can destruct bacteria and viruses by photocatalysical oxidation of water, producing oxidation free radical.The result of disinfection has been met with the national standard, it is a new ecomaterials with automatic disinfection.
  • Effects of DNA Damage in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of human Induced by γ-Rays Irradiation
    JIANG Lin, YANG Yu-qing, LIU Guo-ping, et al
    2006, 15(4): 396-398. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.04.007
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    Objective To investigate the dose-effect curve of the human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes irradiated by γ-rays.Methods The immediate irradiation-caused DNA damage in the human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes irradiated with γ-rays was investigated.The single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE, Comet Assay) were used to detect the extent of DNA damage.Results After 0 Gy、0.1Gy、0.5 Gy、1 Gy、2 Gy and 3 Gyγ-rays irradiation, the curve of dose (x) to content of DNA in tail (y) is y=-1.1063x2+10.398x+3.5362, while the curve of dose (x) to tail moment (y) is y=-0.0345x2+3.5282x+0.6542.Conclusion The results indicated that the content of DNA in tail and tail moment for the immediate DNA damage caused by irradiation had a positively binomial curve correlation with the irradiation dose in the dose range of 0~3 Gy, and SCGE might be used as a new biological dosimeter.
  • The Development of Thyroid Dose Assessment Software for Nuclear or Radiological Emergency
    LIU Chang-an, ZHANG Qing, XU Cui-hua
    2006, 15(4): 399-401. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.04.008
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    Objective To develop software for assessment of dose to thyroid gland in emergencies resulting in the release of radioiodine.Methods Based on procedures for thy roid monitoring and dose assessment introduced in IAEA publications (IAEA-TECDOC-1092 and EPR-MEDICAL-2005), a software was developed with Visual Basic 6.0 program to computerized the methods of thyroid dose estimation.Results The intake of radioiodine and committed equivalent dose to thyroid could be estimated rapidly and accurately with the present software.Conclusion The present software provide a practical and rapid tool for estimating thyroid doses received in emergencies resulting in the release of radioiodine by emergency workers and members of public, which is necessary for recommendation of further actions.
  • Changes of Tau, Glu and Glu-positive Neurons in Cerebral cortex of Rats after Ionizing Irradiation
    YANG Long, WAHG Yi-ping, RONG Shu, et al
    2006, 15(4): 402-404. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.04.009
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    Objective To study the alterations of Tau, Glu and Glu-positive neurons in cerebral cortex of rats after ionizing irradiation.Methods 45 SD rats were randomly divided into three groups, the rats were irradiated on the brain with 0, 10 and 20 Gy by 60Coγ-ray respectively.After 12h, the levels of Tau and Glu were measured and the alterations of Glu-positive neurons and apoptosis were observed in rat cerebral cortex.Results After irradiated, the content of Tau was decreased and the content of Glu was increased in the rat cerebral cortex, and the ratio of Glu/Tau were went up significantly.The amount of Glu-positive neurons and apoptosis were augmented in the rat cerebral cortex in a dose-effect manner.Conclusion Under ionizing irradiation brain injury, the changes of Glu coincides with the apoptosis in cerebral cortex.Our study indicate that neuro-toxin of Glu might play an important role in mechanism of ionizing irradiation brain injury.
  • Effect of Gracilaria Gigas Harvey Polysaccharides (GHPS)on the Thymocytes and Splenocytes in Rats
    WANG Ya-fei, MENG Qing-yong, Xu Mei-yi, et al
    2006, 15(4): 405-406. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.04.010
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    Objective To investigate the effect of Gracilaria Gigas Harvey Polysaccharides (GHPS) on the thymocytes and splenocytes in rats.Methods Lymphocytes were cultured with 131I and GHPS in different-dose levels and[3H]-thymidine incorporation was used to evaluate the proliferation of thymocytes and splenocytes.Results The cell proliferation of radiation group was lower than normal control group.GHPS (2.0~6.0 mg/ml) could improve spontaneous proliferation of thymocytes and GHPS (1.0~6.0 mg/ml) improve ConA-or LPS-induced the proliferation of splenocytes from being damaged by radioiodine.The effect was dose-dependent in the range from 1.0 to 6.0 mg/ml.Conclusion Radioiodine may damage the thymocytes and splenocytes of rats;GHPS could protect the thymocytes and splenocytes damaged by radiation.The mechanism of protection may be that GHPS combined with special receptor on the surface of cells.
  • The Study of the Radiation Protection Problem in the Radionulide Interstitial Implantation Therapy
    ZHANG Ji-mian
    2006, 15(4): 407-408,411. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.04.011
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    Objective To analyze and study the radiation protection problem in the radionulide interstitial permanent implantation therapy.Methods Based on test data from radioactive measurement department, calculating results and national standards, the radiation dose of the exposed radioactive particles, the operator who has participated in the radionulide interstitial permanent implantation therapy operation and the relatives who have accompanied the patient during the whole course, the reference time of being discharged from hospital for the patients who have been cured by different activity of radioactive particles are studied.Results The maximal radiation dose of operating doctorwho has participated in a single radionulide interstitial permanent implantation therapy operation and the relatives who has accompanied the patient during the whole course are 0.315 mSv/a and 0.70 mSv.Based on actual contact frequenies, their radiation dose is proved to be smaller than the restricted dose prescribed by national standards.The reference time of leaving hospital for the patients who have been cured by different activity of radioactive particles is 0 to 44 days.Conclusion The radiation dose of radiation workers and surrounding publics in the radionulide interstitial permanent implantation therapy operation can be acceptable under certain shields.But the risk of potential exposure should be guarded.We should Lay down operation indications and avoid performing operation blindly.If one must be operated, we should plan the quantity and the part of the painting radioactive particles accurately in order to avoid some plsible complications.
  • Current Status and Calibration of Radiation Protection Survey M eter in China
    ZHAO Shi-an, OU Xiang-ming
    2006, 15(4): 409-411. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.04.012
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    Objective To emphasize the importance using correctly radiation protection survey meter by an analysis of current status in the protection monitoring of X and γ rays in China.Methods The calibration of the survey meter in SSDL should be done for determination of the relation of different reading-type survey meters as well as the correct factor of it.Results Ambient dose equivalent is recommended in the radiation region monitoring for the above 25 keV photons.Conclusion An assessment of protection quantity is put into practice on the basis of ambient dose equivalent converted from the measuring results of survey meters according to the knowledge of a radiation spectrum when the ionization radiation level of the monitoring region is near to the limits of protection quantities.
  • Effects of Different Dose of Gamma Rays on Renal Tubule Epithelial Cells: Proliferation and Function
    GAO Lin-feng, ZHANG Li, WANG Hong-fu, et al
    2006, 15(4): 412-414. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.04.013
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    Objective To study changes of proliferation and function of primary renal cells after being exposed to different dose of gamma rays.Methods Primary renal cells were cultivated by means of mechanical separation and enzyme digestion.Cells were subjected to 0, 1, 5, and 10 Gy gamma rays, and proliferation of cells was detected by MTT, expression of mRNAs determined by RT-PCT, expression of proteins by Western Blot.Results Logarithmic growth phase of cells was delayed by 1 Gy gamma rays, and restrained by 5Gy and 10 Gy gamma rays.The expression of mRNA of Na+, K+-ATP enzyme, 1α-hydroxylase and 24-hydroxylase was significantly decreased by 1Gy, 5Gy and 10Gy gamma rays.The expression of mRNA and protein of TGF-β was significantly promoted by 1Gy, 5Gy and 10Gy gamma rays.The expression of protein of OPN was promoted by 1 Gy gamma rays, and inhibited by 5Gy and 10Gy gamma rays.Conclusion Irradiatied renal cells with different dose of gamma rays can significantly suppress its proliferation, promoting it turn into fibroblast, and resulting in accumulation of matrix proteins by way of increasing TGF-β secretion.This effect is dose-dependent.
  • Design and Software Development of Treatment Planning System in Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy
    TANG Mu-tao, CHEN Chao-min, SUN Hua-bin, et al
    2006, 15(4): 415-417. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2006.04.014
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    Objective To study and develop treatment planning system of intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).Methods Requirement analysis was made based on the process of IMRT inverse planning, mathematical models were constructed, modules of the system were developed, including adjusting window width and window level, reconstructing three-dimensional of contours, constructing dose calculation model based on pencil beam, optimizing pencil beam weights, evaluating treatment planning etc.The absolute absorbed dose was measured in phantom;relative absorbed dose was measured by split method (to validate the area coincidence rate of Iso-dose curve distribution between optimized and calculated results).Results The error between measured and calculated dose in irradiation volume was less than 3%;the error of area coincidence rate in Iso-dose curve distribution between optimized and calculated results is less than 5%.Conclusion The treatment planning system we developed has powerful dose calculation performance, and the high-dose volume matches the targets volume very well in three-dimensional directions, it may facilitate clinic application.