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  • 28 June 2004 Volume 13 Issue 2
      
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  • Studies on Methods of Dose Estimation for Skin Injuries from β Irradiation
    JIA De-lin, DAI Guang-fu, JANG En-hai, et al
    2004, 13(2): 81-82. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2004.02.001
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    Objective To diagnose the skin injuries from β irradiation and to evaluate the personal dose in β irradiation protection the methods of estimation on skin dose were studied and normalized in this paper.Methods According to our experience in dose evaluation and the information about β irradiation dose the methods of dose estimation from β irradiation were studied and normalized.Results The principles and methods of dose estimation from β irradiation were confirmed respectively.Conclusion The methods of dose estimation from β irradiation were systematized and normalized.The dose can be computed according to the coversation coefficient known in someβ irradiation condition or according to some experience formulas.
  • Approach for Determination of Guidance Levels for Medical Exposure in Radiological Diagnoses
    ZHU Zhi-xian, ZHENG Jun-zheng, CHEN Feng, et al
    2004, 13(2): 83-87. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2004.02.002
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    Objective To determine guidance levels for patient doses in diagnostic radiology in china.Methods Investigations on annual frequencies and patient doses for radiological diagnostic examinations.Results Recommendations of quantities of reference dose, measurement methods and guidance levels for 18 types of radiological diagnostic examination.Conclusion Establishment of guidance levels for patient dose in diagnostic radiology will greatly promote the development of optimization of radiation protection in medical exposure.
  • Evaluation of Radiation Exposure for Patients in Cerebral Vessels Interventional Neuroradiology Procedures
    CHEN Sheng-li, HUANG Qi-hao, ZHU Dong-liang, et al
    2004, 13(2): 88-90. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2004.02.003
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    Objective To study X-ray radiation exposure of patients during cerebral angiography and cerebral vessel embolisation by DSA model.Methods 100 brain disease cases in this serial, of them, angiographic diagnosis in 68 cases, and ebolization therapy in 32 patients.Angiostar-Plus (Siemens) equipped dose measure system (Diamentor K1 and Diamentor ED) was used, dose values was on-line recording:dose-area product (DAP, cGycm2), and enter skin dose (ESD, mGy).The effective dose (ED, mSv) was estimated by Monte-Carlo conversion coefficient from DAP.Results In this study total patient radiation exposure mean dose were (11 916±7 499) cGycm2、(973±682) mGy、(12.59±9.12) mSv, respectively, in angiography group.The mean dose were (9 264±3 777) cGycm2、(741±321) mGy、(10.01±6.85) mSv, and in embolization group (17 553±10 027) cGycm2、(1 496±952) mGy、(18.06±10.90) mSv.There was statistics difference between two groups (P <0.05).The dose ratio of radiography fluoroscopy were 7.52±6.44(DAP、ED) and 6.14±4.72(ESD), respectively.Conclusion The patients fall under large dose radiation exposure during interventional neuroradiology procedures.The mean dose in radiography was 6~7 times more than that in fluoroscopy.The best method of decreasing patients X-ray exposure is reducing total radiograph frames.
  • Study on Relationship between X-ray Tube Potential and Patient Dose
    PENG Li-qing, ZHU Zhi-xian, TANG Wen-xiang, et al
    2004, 13(2): 90-91. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2004.02.004
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    Objective To study the relationship between X-ray tube potential and patient dose, and to explore the way to reduce the dose.Methods Under the condition of keeping the image films with the same quality and, with the help of a human phantom, change the X-ray tube potential and exposure time, and measure entrance skin dose and organ doses.Results For chest and lumbar films, under the condition of keeping the image films with the same quality, skin dose can be reduced by 50% and effective dose reduced by 23% with increase of tube potential.Conclusion There's still space for great reduction of the patient dose in medical X-ray diagnosis.
  • Monte-Carlo Calculations of HPGe Detection Efficiency and Coincidence-summing Correction
    XU Cui-hua, ZHANG Qing, ZHOU Qiang, et al
    2004, 13(2): 92-96. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2004.02.005
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    Objective This paper introduces a Monte-Carlo program Cool 2000 for calculating HPGe detection efficiency and coincidence-summing correction.It employs Monte Carlo emulation (MC) technique for calculating detection efficiency and coincidence-summing correction of HPGe gamma spectrometry system.Methods The program is written in Fortran and tested with 3 types of volume calibration sources simulating air, water and soil samples, respectively, and each source contained 8 radionuclides.Results The results proved that the relative differences of calculated and actually measured coincidence-summing corrections were within ±5.14%, ±12.1% and ±10.4%, respectively.Tests also made for point source at distances to detector of 5cm, 10cm and 25cm, respectively.It indicated that the relative differences of measured and calculated efficiencies were within ±10.6%, ±5.6% and ±3.04%, respectively.Conclusion The reported MC program Cool 2000 is applicable to environmental radiation monitoring for calculating HPGe detection efficiency and coincidence-summing correction.
  • Analyzing Relation between the Radioactivity in Lanthanum Products and the Origins of RE Chlorides
    WAN Rong-sheng
    2004, 13(2): 96-99. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2004.02.007
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    Objective To analyze the relation between the radioactivity in Lanthanum products and the origins of RE Chlorides.Methods Using JY-38 plus sequential ICP spectrometer to examine the content of the uranium in the RE Chlorides, Using FJ-2603 low background alpha, beta measurement apparatus to measure total alpha and total beta activities of Lanthanum products.Results The content of the uranium in the RE Chlorides is much lower in Baotou's than Hunan's.The radioactivity in Lanthanum products are made from the RE Chlorides of Baotou is much lower than that in Hunan's too.The radioactivity in Lanthanum products depends on the origins of RE Chlorides.Conclusion The basic data were provided for radioactivity in Lanthanum products which are made from RE Chlorides of different places of China.The mathematical model was founded for the reasonable use of resource RE Chlorides.
  • Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization Applying to Investigation of Chromosomal Aberrations
    LIU Shuang-mei, DING Ai-ping, MOU Zhi-chum, et al
    2004, 13(2): 99-101. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2004.02.008
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    Objective To study on the chromosomal aberrations in exposed ionizing workers.Metheds Fluorescence in situ hybridization was applied to the chromosomal aberrations in exposed ionizing workers, analyse the control group.Results Chromosomal aberrations rate in exposed ionizing workers is higher than that in the control group.The chromosomal aberration rate get higher along with the working time increased.Conclusion FISH are effective ways to analyse the chromosomal aberrations.
  • Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide and Cyclophosphamide on the Proliferation of Splenic Lymphocytes in Irradiated Mice
    MENG Qingyong, XU Mei-yi, GAO Li-li
    2004, 13(2): 101-103. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2004.02.009
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    Objective To study the effect of chemical factors on the proliferation of splenic lymphocytes in irradiated mice.Methods To investigate the proliferation of splenic lymphocytes using 3H-TdR incorporation.Results The hydrogen Peroxide (10-6 mol/L and 10-5 mol/L) increased significantly the proliferation of splenic lymphocytes induced by Con A (concanavalin A) when hydrogen Peroxide and Con A were simultaneously added into splenocytes in mice.The proliferation of splenic lymphocytes was decreased significantly to add the hydrogen Peroxide at 56 h later.It was lower than control induced by LPS (lipopolysaccharide) and Con A When the concentration of CP (cyclophosphamide) was ≥ 10-4 mol/L (LPS group) and ≥ 10-3mol/L (ConA group).It was also decreased significantly when the concentration of hydrogen Peroxide was ≥ 10-6 mol/L and the concentration of CP was ≥ 10-3mol/L in irradiated mice.Conclusion Low dose hydrogen Peroxide may induce the adaptive response and hydrogen Peroxide and CP could not induce the resistance to irradiation on the proliferation of splenic lymphocytes in mice.