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  • 28 September 2004 Volume 13 Issue 3
      
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  • Development of the Liquid Tissue-equivalent Material Used for Neutron Experiments and Comparison of 24Na Activated to Water in the Phantom Irradiated by Neutrons
    WANG Yue-xing, LU Yong-jie, YANG Yi-fang, et al
    2004, 13(3): 161-163. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2004.03.001
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    Objective To develop a liquid tissue substitute used for neutron experiments and test its applicability for measurement of specific activities of 24Na in anthropomorphic phantom irradiated by neutrons.Methods In accordance with the ratios of H, N, O and C and the density for soft tissue by ICRP Publication 23 and with other requirements suitable for experiments, more than 18, 000 raw chemical substances were screened, analyzed, calculated and tested to prepare the liquid tissue-equivalent substitute.Results The liquid tissue-equivalent substitute has been developed, which made from water, Ethanol, Citric acid monohydrate, N-Methylacetanilide, Glycine and Urea, and their ratios (%) were 50.3:27.5:8.52:5.68:6.4:1.6.The weight ratios of H, N, O and C in the substitute equal to 10.6:2.5:63.2:23.7, and its density 1.006~1.008g/cm3 (20℃).Experimental results showed that the differences for the specific activities of 24Na in the phantom and for the distribution of activated 24Na in the cuboid after neutron irradiation were very obvious when the tissue substitute replaced by water.Conclusion The liquid tissue-equivalent material can conveniently be applied to neutron experiments and can't be replaced by water, which were proved by a lot of our practical applications.
  • Study on the Dose of 32P Iiquid-filled Balloon Preventing Blood Vessel Restenosis Using Experiment and Calculation Method
    YUAN Shu-yu, DAI Guang-fu, LIU Yin, et al
    2004, 13(3): 164-166. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2004.03.002
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    Objective To study the radiation dose of 32P liquid balloon in endovascular with experimental and calculation method.Methods (1) Experimental simulation.The vessel wall were substituted by muscle equivalent material.Determination axis and radial dose of target vessel wall was performed by thermoluminescence dosimetry method. (2) Computer simulation.The absorbed dose distribution of vessel wall was performed with computer program based on Loervinger's point kernel function.Results When radioactivity of balloon was 450 MBq, the radial depth was 0.2mm outside the balloon, the absorbed dose results of experimental and calculation is 4.65 and 4.70 Gy/min respectively.We found that the absorbed dose were decreased 50per cent between the balloon surface radial depth 0mm and the 0.5 mm.When the 32P liquid-filled balloon showed that the air bubble was inside the balloon, the dose adjacent to air bubble is lower (30 per cent) than the average axis dose of balloon surface.Conclusion The dose distribution along the axis direction of the balloon surface is uniform but the radial dose distribution attenuated very rapidly with distance.
  • Stress Response Exposed to Irradiation after Cold-adaptation in Rats
    XIE Huai-jiang. YU Ning, JIN Huan-rong
    2004, 13(3): 166-167. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2004.03.003
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    Objective To observe the effects of radiosensitivity in cold-adaptation.Methods Male Wastar rats were exposed to 4 Gy 60Co γ-ray irradiation after cold-adaptation for 4 weeks at (4±2)℃.The change of nitric oxide (NO), adrenalin (ADR) and noradrenalin (NAD) in blood were observed.Results The results showed that treatment with cold-adaptation could increase the level of NO by irradiation, and attenuat the production of the ADR level in blood.Conclusion It is suggested that the cold-adaptation should attenuate the effect of stress response exposed to irradiation.
  • Effects of Smoke and Tea on Radiation-induced Bone Marrow Cell Mutation and Marrow Inhibition
    GAO Yong, ZHANG Wei-guang
    2004, 13(3): 168-170. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2004.03.004
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    Objective To provide scientific information for the prevention and treatment of the radiation damage by analyzing the effects of smoke and tea on radiation-induced bone marrow cell mutation and marrow inhibition.Methods 7 group mice were exposed to smoke and/or tea and/or radiation respectively.There were also a blank control group and a cyclophosphamide positive control group.The frequencies of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MPCE), the ratio of polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) to mature erythrocytes (RBC) in marrow, and the count of peripheral blood hemoleukocyte were observed.Results The frequencies of MPCE in the groups irradiated with γ-rays were significantly higher than that in the blank control group (P <0.05 or 0.01).The smoke+radiation group's frequency was significantly higher than single radiation group (P <0.05).The ratios of PCE to RBC in the groups irradiated were significantly lower than that in the blank control group (P < 0.01).The counts of peripheral blood hemoleukocyte in the groups irradiated were significantly lower than the blank control group (P <0.01).Conclusion Radiation were able to cause marrow cell mutation and induce marrow inhibition.Smoke increases the effect of radiation-induced marrow cell mutation.Tea and smoke couldn't affect radiation-induced bone marrow inhibition.
  • The Experimental Study on Radioprotective Effect of Genistein
    WU Jian quan, JIN Hong, XU Zhi-qin, et al
    2004, 13(3): 170-172. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2004.03.005
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    Objective To study on the radioprotective effect of genistein on γ-ray induced injury and to provide an experimental basis for the development of genistein.Methods Male mice were fed with feedstuff which added by different does of genistein or normal diet for 2 weeks, and then irradiated once with 7.5Gy γ-rays and the difference in survival rates was observed;irradiated once with 4.0Gy γ-rays and the changes in blood cells were counted by usual method and the rates of micronuclei were determined.Results The 30-day survival rate, blood cell counts of genistein-protected mice were all much higher than those of the control group, the protection factor reached 1.44, the rates of micronuclei of genistein-treated mice were much lower than that of control group.Conclusion Genistein has significant radioprotective effect in mice.
  • Results and Discussions of the Dose Measurements of Scattering and Leaking Rays from Commonly Used Medical Diagnosis X-ray Machines
    PENG Li-qing, ZHU Zhi-xian, HE Wei-chuan, et al
    2004, 13(3): 172-174. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2004.03.006
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    Objective To explore the influences of the scattering and leaking rays from X-ray machines on the area of the room of the machines installed and the design parameter.Methods Measurements of the distributions of scattering and leaking rays from eight types of medical diagnostic X-ray machines were made.Results The reduction of intensities of scattering and leaking rays obey approximately the index law and mainly depend on the performances of X-rays machine used.Conclusion The design of machine room should take such factors as the performance of the X-ray machine, the commodity value of the land and the distribution of people potentially affected, into potentially affected, into consideration in order to realize optimization of radiation protection.
  • Distinction of the Renal Dynamic Radionuclide Imaging in Acute upper Urinary Tract Obstruction and Their Dathological Changes
    GAO Li, MA Su-yuau, WANG Shu-zhen
    2004, 13(3): 175-176. https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2004.03.008
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    Objective To study the distinction of the renal dynamic radionuclide imaging in acute upper urinary tract obstruction and their pathological changes.Methods By building up animal model of upper urinary tract obstruction in NZ hares and using the technique of radionuclide imaging and pathology, we analysed the function and pathology changes of kidneys during the period of obstruction.Result After we have obstructed the tracts for 1~4 weeks, GFR, hydronephrosis and kidney weigh were markedly elevated, Conclusion The renal dynamic radionuclide imaging can reflect the extent of the renal damage and might be an important method for evaluating the chance of recovery of the renal function.